| (B) understand and determine the variation of the data
set using range, sample variance, sample standard deviation, population
variance, population standard deviation, coefficient of the variation,
and Z score; and
(C) understand and demonstrate the measure of shape
of the data set using skewness, symmetry, and kurtosis.
(11) The student understands and demonstrates the use
of probability. The student is expected to:
(A) define event, compound event, complement of an
event, sample space, marginal probability, conditional probability,
independence, multiplication rule, multiplication rule for independent
events, probability of an event, impendence, and Bayes' Theorem; and
(B) define and calculate simple probability, compound
probability, marginal probability, general addition rule, marginal
probability using the multiplication rule, and probability with Bayes'
Theorem.
(12) The student understands and demonstrates the use
of probability distribution for discrete variables. The student is
expected to understand and demonstrate the use of the uniform distribution,
the binomial distribution, and the Poisson distribution.
(13) The student understands and demonstrates the use
of probability distribution for continuous variables. The student
is expected to understand and demonstrate the use of the normal distribution,
uniform distribution, and exponential distribution.
(14) The student understands and demonstrates the use
of sampling distribution, sampling distribution of the mean, and the
central limit theorem. The student is expected to:
(A) calculate the population mean and population standard
deviation;
(B) calculate standard error of the mean; and
(C) calculate the Z- and X-bar for the sampling distribution
of the mean.
(15) The student understands and demonstrates the
use and construction of confidence intervals. The student is expected
to:
(A) construct a confidence interval for the mean for
a known and unknown population standard deviation; and
(B) evaluate ethical issues associated with confidence
intervals.
(16) The student understands and demonstrates hypothesis
testing for one sample tests and two sample tests. The student is
expected to:
(A) understand and demonstrate the use of hypothesis
testing, null hypothesis, and alternative hypothesis;
(B) create a null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis;
(C) understand and demonstrate the use of Type I error
and Type II error;
(D) calculate the level of significance and calculate
beta risk;
(E) understand and demonstrate the use of the complements
of Type I error and Type II error by calculating the confidence coefficient
and the power of a statistical test;
(F) understand and calculate Z test for the mean;
(G) understand and demonstrate a one-tail test hypothesis
and its associated critical values and p-value; and
(H) understand and demonstrate a two-tail test hypothesis
and its associated critical values and p-value.
(17) The student understands analysis of variance.
The student is expected to understand and demonstrate the analysis
of more than two populations.
(18) The student understands and demonstrates the use
of chi-square test. The student is expected to use a chi-square test.
(19) The student understands and demonstrates the use
of nonparametric test. The student is expected to use nonparametric
tests such as the Wilcoxon Sum test.
(20) The student understands simple linear regression.
The student is expected to:
(A) understand and demonstrate the use of various types
of regression models;
(B) create the regression equation; and
(C) make predictions based on regression models.
(21) The student understands an introduction to multivariable
regression: The student is expected to use a multivariable regression
model.
(22) The student understands time series analysis and
forecasting. The student is expected to:
(A) understand times series models;
(B) understand trend component;
(C) understand seasonal component; and
(D) understand cyclical component.
(23) The student demonstrates an understanding of a
postsecondary plan. The student is expected to:
(A) understand educational, military, and current job
opportunities; and
(B) create a postsecondary plan that includes topics
such as application requirements; testing requirements; certification
requirements; associated deadlines; associated costs, including living
expenses; job prospects and opportunities; beginning earnings; expected
future earnings; and resumes and cover letters.
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