(a) Totalizing fuel flow meters. The owner or operator
of units listed in this subsection shall install, calibrate, maintain,
and operate a totalizing fuel flow meter, with an accuracy of ±
5%, to individually and continuously measure the gas and liquid fuel
usage. A computer that collects, sums, and stores electronic data
from continuous fuel flow meters is an acceptable totalizer. The owner
or operator must continuously operate the totalizing fuel flow meter
at least 95% of the time when the unit is operating during a calendar
year. For the purpose of compliance with this subsection for units
having pilot fuel supplied by a separate fuel system or from an unmonitored
portion of the same fuel system, the fuel flow to pilots may be calculated
using the manufacturer's design flow rates rather than measured with
a fuel flow meter. The calculated pilot fuel flow rate must be added
to the monitored fuel flow when fuel flow is totaled.
(1) The units are the following units subject to §117.405
(relating to Emission Specifications for Reasonably Available Control
Technology (RACT)) or §117.410 of this title (relating to Emission
Specifications for Eight-Hour Attainment Demonstrations):
(A) boilers (excluding wood-fired boilers that must
comply by maintaining records of fuel usage as required in §117.445(f)
of this title (relating to Notification, Recordkeeping, and Reporting
Requirements) or monitoring in accordance with paragraph (2)(A) of
this subsection);
(B) process heaters;
(C) duct burners used in turbine exhaust ducts;
(D) stationary, reciprocating internal combustion engines;
(E) stationary gas turbines;
(F) lime kilns
(G) brick and ceramic kilns;
(H) heat treating furnaces;
(I) reheat furnaces;
(J) lead smelting blast (cupola) and reverberatory
furnaces;
(K) glass and fiberglass/mineral wool melting furnaces;
(L) incinerators (excluding vapor streams resulting
from vessel cleaning routed to an incinerator, provided that fuel
usage is quantified using good engineering practices, including calculation
methods in general use and accepted in new source review permitting
in Texas. All other fuel and vapor streams must be monitored in accordance
with this subsection);
(M) gas-fired glass, fiberglass, and mineral wool curing
ovens;
(N) natural gas-fired ovens and heaters; and
(O) natural gas-fired dryers used in organic solvent,
printing ink, clay, brick, ceramic, and calcining and vitrifying processes.
(2) The following are alternatives to the fuel flow
monitoring requirements of paragraph (1) of this subsection.
(A) Units operating with a nitrogen oxides (NOX ) and diluent continuous emissions monitoring
system (CEMS) under subsection (f) of this section may monitor stack
exhaust flow using the flow monitoring specifications of 40 Code of
Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 60, Appendix B, Performance Specification
6 or 40 CFR Part 75, Appendix A.
(B) Units that vent to a common stack with a NOX and diluent CEMS under subsection (f) of
this section may use a single totalizing fuel flow meter.
(C) Diesel engines operating with run time meters may
meet the fuel flow monitoring requirements of this subsection through
monthly fuel use records maintained for each engine.
(D) Stationary reciprocating internal combustion engines
and gas turbines equipped with a continuous monitoring system that
continuously monitors horsepower and hours of operation are not required
to install totalizing fuel flow meters. The continuous monitoring
system must be installed, calibrated, maintained, and operated according
to manufacturers' recommended procedures.
(b) Oxygen (O2 ) monitors.
(1) The owner or operator shall install, calibrate,
maintain, and operate an O2 monitor to
measure exhaust O2 concentration on the
following units operated with an annual heat input greater than 2.2(1011 ) British thermal units per year (Btu/yr):
(A) boilers with a rated heat input greater than or
equal to 100 million British thermal units per hour (MMBtu/hr); and
(B) process heaters with a rated heat input greater
than or equal to 100 MMBtu/hr, except:
(i) as provided in subsection (g) of this section;
and
(ii) for process heaters operating with a carbon dioxide
(CO2 ) CEMS for diluent monitoring under
subsection (f) of this section.
(2) The O2 monitors required
by this subsection are for process monitoring (predictive monitoring
inputs, boiler trim, or process control) and are only required to
meet the location specifications and quality assurance procedures
referenced in subsection (f) of this section if O2 is
the monitored diluent under that subsection. However, if new O2 monitors are required as a result of this
subsection, the criteria in subsection (f) of this section should
be considered the appropriate guidance for the location and calibration
of the monitors.
(c) NOX monitors.
(1) The owner or operator of units listed in this paragraph
shall install, calibrate, maintain, and operate a CEMS or predictive
emissions monitoring system (PEMS) to monitor exhaust NOX . The units are:
(A) units with a rated heat input greater than or equal
to 100 MMBtu/hr that are subject to §117.405(a) or (b) or §117.410(a)
of this title;
(B) stationary gas turbines with a megawatt (MW) rating
greater than or equal to 30 MW operated more than 850 hours per year;
(C) units that use a chemical reagent for reduction
of NOX;
(D) units that the owner or operator elects to comply
with the NOX emission specifications
of §117.405(a) or (b) of this title or §117.410(a) of this
title using a pound per MMBtu (lb/MMBtu) limit on a 30-day rolling
average;
(E) lime kilns; and
(F) brick kilns and ceramic kilns.
(2) The following units are not required to install
CEMS or PEMS under this subsection;
(A) units subject to the NOX CEMS
requirements of 40 CFR Part 75; and
(B) stationary diesel engines equipped with selective
catalytic reduction (SCR) systems that meet the following criteria.
(i) The SCR system must use a reductant other than
the engine's fuel.
(ii) The SCR system must operate with a diagnostic
system that monitors reductant quality and tank levels.
(iii) The diagnostic system must alert owners or operators
to the need to refill the reductant tank before it is empty or to
replace the reductant if the reductant does not meet applicable concentration
specifications.
(iv) If the SCR system uses input from an exhaust NOX sensor (or other sensor) to alert owners
or operators when the reductant quality is inadequate, the reductant
quality does not need to be monitored separately by the diagnostic
system.
(v) The reductant tank level must be monitored in accordance
with the manufacturer's design to demonstrate compliance with this
subparagraph.
(vi) The method of alerting an owner or operator must
be a visual or audible alarm.
(3) The owner or operator shall use one of the following
methods to provide substitute emissions compliance data during periods
when the NOX monitor is off-line:
(A) if the NOX monitor
is a CEMS:
(i) subject to 40 CFR Part 75, use the missing data
procedures specified in 40 CFR Part 75, Subpart D (Missing Data Substitution
Procedures); or
(ii) subject to 40 CFR Part 75, Appendix E, use the
missing data procedures specified in 40 CFR Part 75, Appendix E, §2.5
(Missing Data Procedures);
(B) use 40 CFR Part 75, Appendix E monitoring in accordance
with §117.1340(d) of this title (relating to Continuous Demonstration
of Compliance);
(C) if the NOX monitor
is a PEMS:
(i) use the methods specified in 40 CFR Part 75, Subpart
D; or
(ii) use calculations in accordance with §117.8110(b)
of this title (relating to Emission Monitoring System Requirements
for Utility Electric Generation Sources); or
(D) the maximum block one-hour emission rate as measured
during the initial demonstration of compliance required in §117.435(e)
of this title (relating to Initial Demonstration of Compliance).
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