The following words and terms, when used in Title 15 of the
Election Code, in this chapter, Chapter 22 of this title (relating
to Restrictions on Contributions and Expenditures), and Chapter 24
of this title (relating to Restrictions on Contributions and Expenditures
Applicable to Corporations and Labor Organizations), shall have the
following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
(1) Campaign communication--The term does not include
a communication made by e-mail.
(2) Campaign treasurer--Either the individual appointed
by a candidate to be the campaign treasurer, or the individual responsible
for filing campaign finance reports of a political committee under
Texas law or the law of any other state.
(3) Contribution--The term does not include a transfer
for consideration of any thing of value pursuant to a contract that
reflects the usual and normal business practice of the vendor.
(4) Corporation--The term does not include professional
corporations or professional associations.
(5) Election cycle--A single election and any related
primary or runoff election.
(6) Identified measure--A question or proposal submitted
in an election for an expression of the voters' will and includes
the circulation and submission of a petition to determine whether
a question or proposal is required to be submitted in an election
for an expression of the voters' will.
(7) Non-political expenditure--An expenditure from
political contributions that is not an officeholder expenditure or
a campaign expenditure.
(8) Opposed candidate--A candidate who has an opponent
whose name is to appear on the ballot. The name of a write-in candidate
does not appear on the ballot.
(9) Out-of-state political committee--A political committee
that makes political expenditures outside Texas and in the 12 months
immediately preceding the making of a political expenditure by the
committee inside Texas (other than an expenditure made in connection
with a campaign for a federal office or made for a federal officeholder),
makes 80% or more of the committee's total political expenditures
in any combination of elections outside this state and federal offices
not voted on in this state. Section 20.13 of this title (relating
to Out-of-State Committees) explains the practical application of
this definition.
(10) Pledge--A contribution in the form of an unfulfilled
promise or unfulfilled agreement, whether enforceable or not, to provide
a specified amount of money or specific goods or services. The term
does not include a contribution actually made in the form of a check.
(11) Political advertising:
(A) A communication that supports or opposes a political
party, a public officer, a measure, or a candidate for nomination
or election to a public office or office of a political party, and:
(i) is published in a newspaper, magazine, or other
periodical in return for consideration;
(ii) is broadcast by radio or television in return
for consideration;
(iii) appears in a pamphlet, circular, flier, billboard,
or other sign, bumper sticker, or similar form of written communication;
or
(iv) appears on an Internet website.
(B) The term does not include an individual communication
made by e-mail or text message but does include mass e-mails and text
messages involving an expenditure of funds beyond the basic cost of
hardware, messaging software, and bandwidth.
(12) Political subdivision--A county, city, or school
district or any other governmental entity that:
(A) embraces a geographic area with a defined boundary;
(B) exists for the purpose of discharging functions
of government; and
(C) possesses authority for subordinate self-government
through officers selected by it.
(13) Report--Any document required to be filed by this
title, including an appointment of campaign treasurer, any type of
report of contributions and expenditures, and any notice.
(14) Special pre-election report--A shorthand term
for a report filed in accordance with the requirements of §§20.221,
20.333, or 20.435 of this title (relating to Special Pre-Election
Report by Certain Candidates; Special Pre-Election Report by Certain
Specific-Purpose Committees; Special Pre-Election Reports by Certain
General-Purpose Committees) and §§254.038 and §254.039
of the Election Code (relating to Special Report Near Election by
Certain Candidates and Political Committees and Special Report Near
Election By Certain General-Purpose Committees).
(15) Specific-purpose committee--A political committee
that does not meet the definition of general-purpose committee and
that has among its principal purposes:
(A) supporting or opposing one or more:
(i) candidates, all of whom are identified and are
seeking offices that are known; or
(ii) measures, all of which are identified;
(B) assisting one or more officeholders, all of whom
are identified; or
(C) supporting or opposing only one candidate who is
unidentified or who is seeking an office that is unknown.
(16) Unidentified measure--A question or proposal that
is intended to be submitted in an election for an expression of the
voters' will and that is not yet legally required to be submitted
in an election, except that the term does not include the circulation
or submission of a petition to determine whether a question or proposal
is required to be submitted in an election for an expression of the
voters' will. The circulation or submission of a petition to determine
whether a question or proposal is required to be submitted in an election
for an expression of the voters' will is considered to be an identified
measure.
(17) Principal purpose--A group has as a principal
purpose of accepting political contributions or making political expenditures,
including direct campaign expenditures, when that activity is an important
or a main function of the group.
(A) A group may have more than one principal purpose.
(B) A group has as a principal purpose accepting political
contributions if the proportion of the political contributions to
the total contributions to the group is more than 25 percent within
a calendar year. A contributor intends to make a political contribution
if the solicitations that prompted the contribution or the statements
made by the contributor about the contribution would lead to no other
reasonable conclusion than that the contribution was intended to be
a political contribution.
(C) The group may maintain specific evidence of contributions
related only to political contributions or only to nonpolitical contributions.
For example, the group may ask the contributor to make an indication
when the contribution is made that the contribution is only a nonpolitical
contribution.
(D) A group has as a principal purpose making political
expenditures, including direct expenditures, if the group expends
more than 25 percent of its annual expenses to make political expenditures
within a calendar year. The following shall be included for purposes
of calculating the threshold:
(i) the amount of money paid in compensation and benefits
to the group's employees for work related to making political expenditures;
(ii) the amount of money spent on political expenditures;
and
(iii) the amount of money attributable to the proportional
share of administrative expenses related to political expenditures.
The proportional share of administrative expenses is calculated by
comparing the political expenditures in clause (ii) of this subparagraph
with nonpolitical expenditures. (For example, if the group sends three
mailings a year and each costs $10,000, if the first two are issue
based newsletters and the third is a direct advocacy sample ballot,
and there were no other outside expenditures, then the proportion
of the administrative expenses attributable to political expenditures
would be 33%.) Administrative expenses include:
(I) fees for services to non-employees;
(II) advertising and promotion;
(III) office expenses;
(IV) information technology;
(V) occupancy;
(VI) travel expenses;
(VII) interest; and
(VIII) insurance.
(E) The group may maintain specific evidence of administrative
expenses related only to political expenditures or only to nonpolitical
expenditures. Specifically identified administrative expenses shall
not be included in the proportion established by subparagraph (D)(iii)
but allocated by the actual amount of the expense.
(F) In this section, the term "political expenditures"
includes direct campaign expenditures.
(18) In connection with a campaign:
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