| (95) Rem--The special unit of any of the quantities
expressed as dose equivalent. The dose equivalent in rem sievert (Sv)
is equal to the absorbed dose in rad or gray multiplied by the quality
factor (1 rem = 0.01 Sv).
(96) Remote inspection--An examination by the agency
of information submitted by the registrant on a form provided by the
agency.
(97) Research and development--Research and development
is defined as:
(A) theoretical analysis, exploration, or experimentation;
or
(B) the extension of investigative findings and theories
of a scientific or technical nature into practical application for
experimental and demonstration purposes, including the experimental
production and testing of models, devices, equipment, radiation machines,
materials, and processes.
(98) Restricted area--An area, access to which is limited
by the registrant for protecting individuals against undue risks from
exposure to radiation. Restricted area does not include areas used
as residential quarters, but separate rooms in a residential building
may be set apart as a restricted area.
(99) Roentgen (R)--The special unit of exposure. One
roentgen (R) equals 2.58 x 10‑4 coulombs per kilogram of air.
(See definition for exposure.)
(100) Rule--Any agency statement of general applicability
that implements, interprets, or prescribes law or policy, or describes
the procedure or practice requirements of an agency. The term includes
the amendment or repeal of a section but does not include statements
concerning the internal management or organization of any agency and
does not affect private rights or procedures. The word "rule" was
formerly referred to as "regulation."
(101) Scattered radiation--Radiation that has been
deviated in direction during passage through matter.
(102) Secondary protective barrier--(See definition
for protective barrier).
(103) Severity level--A classification of violations
based on relative seriousness of each violation and the significance
of the effect of the violation on the occupational or public health
or safety or the environment.
(104) Shallow dose equivalent (Hs )
(that applies to the external exposure of the skin of the whole body
or the skin of an extremity)--The dose equivalent at a tissue depth
of 0.007 centimeters (7 milligrams per square centimeter).
(105) SI--The abbreviation for the International System
of Units.
(106) Sievert--The SI unit of any of the quantities
expressed as dose equivalent. The dose equivalent in sievert is equal
to the absorbed dose in gray multiplied by the quality factor (1 sievert
= 100 rem).
(107) Source of radiation--Any radioactive material
or device that is capable of emitting or producing ionizing radiation.
(108) Source-to-image receptor distance--The distance
from the source to the center of the input surface of the image receptor.
(109) Source-to-skin distance--The distance from the
source to the skin of the patient.
(110) Special units--The conventional units historically
used by registrants, i.e., rad (absorbed dose), and rem (dose equivalent).
(111) Stray radiation--The sum of leakage and scattered
radiation.
(112) Supervision--The delegating of the task of applying
radiation in accordance with this section to persons not licensed
in dentistry, who perform tasks under the dentist's control. The dentist
assumes full responsibility for these tasks and shall assure that
the tasks will be administered correctly.
(113) Survey--An evaluation of the radiological conditions
and potential hazards incident to the production, use, transfer, and
disposal of radiation machines. When appropriate, such survey includes,
but is not limited to, tests, physical examination of location of
equipment or radiation machines, and measurements of levels of radiation
present, and evaluation of administrative and engineered controls.
(114) Technique chart--A chart that provides technical
factors, anatomical examination, and patient size for examination
being performed needed to make clinical radiographs when the radiation
machine is in manual mode.
(115) Technique factors--The conditions of operation
that are specified as follows:
(A) for capacitor energy storage equipment, peak tube
potential in kilovolt and quantity of charge in milliampere-second;
(B) for field emission equipment rated for pulsed operation,
peak tube potential in kilovolt and number of x-ray pulses; and
(C) for all other radiation machines, peak tube potential
in kilovolt and either tube current in milliamperes and exposure time
in seconds or the product of tube current and exposure time in milliampere-second.
(116) Termination--A release by the agency of the obligations
and authorizations of the registrant under the terms of the certificate
of registration. It does not relieve a person of duties and responsibilities
imposed by law or rule.
(117) Texas Regulations for Control of Radiation --All
sections of Chapter 289 of this title.
(118) Total effective dose equivalent--The sum of the
effective dose equivalent (for external exposures) and the committed
effective dose equivalent (for internal exposures).
(119) Traceable to a national standard--This indicates
that a quantity or a measurement has been compared to a national standard,
for example, the National Institute of Standards and Technology, directly
or indirectly through one or more intermediate steps and that all
comparisons have been documented.
(120) Tube--An x-ray tube, unless otherwise specified.
(121) Tube housing assembly--The tube housing with
tube installed. It includes high-voltage and/or filament transformers
and other appropriate elements when such are contained within the
tube housing.
(122) Unrestricted area (uncontrolled area)--An area,
access to which is neither limited nor controlled by the registrant.
For purposes of this section, "uncontrolled area" is an equivalent
term.
(123) Useful beam--Radiation that passes through the
window, aperture, core, or other collimating device of the source
housing. Also referred to as the primary x-ray beam.
(124) Violation--An infringement of any rule, license
or registration condition, order of the agency, or any provision of
the Act.
(125) Whole body--For purposes of external exposure,
head, trunk, including male gonads, arms above the elbow, or legs
above the knee.
(126) Worker--An individual engaged in work under the
certificate of registration issued by the agency.
(127) X-ray control panel--A device that controls input
power to the x-ray high-voltage generator or the x-ray tube. It includes
components such as timers, phototimers, automatic brightness stabilizers,
and similar devices that control the technique factors of an x-ray
exposure.
(128) X-ray field--That area of the intersection of
the useful beam and any one of the set of planes parallel to and including
the plane of the image receptor, whose perimeter is the locus of points
at which the exposure rate (air kerma rate) is one-fourth of the maximum
in the intersection.
(129) X-ray high-voltage generator--A device that transforms
electrical energy from the potential supplied by the x-ray control
to the tube operating potential. The device may also include means
for transforming alternating current to direct current, filament transformers
for the x-ray tubes, high-voltage switches, electrical protective
devices, and other appropriate elements.
(130) X-ray system--An assemblage of components for
the controlled production of x-rays. It includes, minimally, an x-ray
high-voltage generator, an x-ray control, a tube housing assembly,
a beam-limiting device, and the necessary supporting structures. Additional
components that function with the system are considered integral parts
of the system.
(131) X-ray subsystem--Any combination of two or more
components of an x-ray system.
(132) X-ray tube--Any electron tube that is designed
to be used primarily for the production of x-rays.
(133) Year--The period of time beginning in January
used to determine compliance with the provisions of this chapter.
The registrant may change the starting date of the year used to determine
compliance by the registrant if the change is made at the beginning
of the year and that no day is omitted or duplicated in consecutive
years.
(e) Exemptions.
(1) The agency may, upon application or upon its own
initiative, exempt a source of radiation or a kind of use or user
from the requirements of this section if the agency determines that
the law does not prohibit the exemption and it will not result in
a significant risk to public health or safety or the environment.
In determining such exemptions, the agency will consider:
Cont'd... |
