| (I) The registrant shall document that each individual
operating a radiation machine has read the operating and safety procedures
and shall maintain this documentation for inspection by the agency.
The documentation shall include the following:
(-a-) name and signature of individual;
(-b-) date individual read the operating and safety
procedures; and
(-c-) initials of the RSO;
(II) The operating and safety procedures shall include,
but are not limited to, the items listed in subsection (x)(3) of this
section;
(iii) A description of the internal audit program to
ensure that radiographic personnel follow the requirements of this
chapter, the conditions of the certificate of registration, and the
registrant's operating, safety, and emergency procedures at intervals
not to exceed six months;
(iv) A list of permanent radiographic installations,
descriptions of permanent storage use sites, and the location(s) where
all records required by this section and other sections of this chapter
will be maintained. Radiographic equipment shall not be stored or
used at a permanent site unless such site is specifically authorized
by the certificate of registration. A storage site is permanent if
radiation machines are stored at that location and if one or more
of the following applies:
(I) the registrant establishes telephone service that
is used for contracting or providing industrial radiographic services
for the registrant;
(II) industrial radiographic services are advertised
for or from the site;
(III) radiation machines stored at that location are
used for industrial radiographic operations conducted at other sites;
or
(IV) the registrant conducts radiographic operations
or stores radiation machines at any location not listed on the certificate
of registration for a period in excess of 90 days in a calendar year,
in which case the registrant shall notify the agency prior to exceeding
the 90 days;
(v) A description of the organization of the industrial
radiographic program, including delegations of authority and responsibility
for operation of the radiation safety program; and
(vi) Procedures for verifying and documenting the certification
status of radiographers and for ensuring that the certification of
individuals acting as radiographers remains valid.
(C) A certificate of registration will be issued if
the requirements of this paragraph of this subsection and §289.226(e)
and (i) of this title are met.
(2) Locking of radiation machines. The control panel
of each radiation machine shall be equipped with a locking device
that will prevent the unauthorized use of an x-ray system or the accidental
production of radiation. The radiation machine shall be kept locked
and the key removed at all times except when under the direct visual
surveillance of a radiographer.
(3) Permanent storage precautions for the use of radiation
machines. Radiation machines shall be secured while in storage to
prevent tampering or removal by unauthorized individuals.
(4) Requirements for radiation machines used in industrial
radiographic operations.
(A) Equipment used in industrial radiographic operations
involving radiation machines manufactured after October 1, 1987, shall
be certified at the time of manufacture to meet the criteria set forth
by ANSI N43.5 (relating to Radiological Safety Standards for the Design
of Radiographic and Industrial X-Ray Equipment), except accelerators
used in industrial radiography.
(B) The registrant's name and city or town of an authorized
use site listed on the certificate of registration shall be prominently
displayed with a durable, legible, clearly visible label(s) on both
sides of all vehicles used to transport radiation machines for temporary
job site use.
(5) Operating and internal audit requirements for the
use of radiation machines.
(A) Each registrant shall conduct an internal audit
program to ensure that the requirements of this chapter, the conditions
of the certificate of registration, and the registrant's operating,
safety, and emergency procedures are followed by radiographic personnel.
(B) Each radiographer's and radiographer trainee's
performance during an actual radiographic operation shall be audited
and documented at intervals not to exceed six months.
(C) If a radiographer or a radiographer trainee has
not participated in a radiographic operation during the six months
since the last audit, the radiographer or the radiographer trainee
shall demonstrate knowledge of the training requirements of subsection
(f)(1) of this section by an oral or written and practical examination
administered by the registrant before the individual can next participate
in a radiographic operation.
(D) The agency may consider alternatives in those situations
where the individual serves as both radiographer and RSO.
(E) In those operations where a single individual serves
as both radiographer and RSO and performs all radiography operations,
an audit program is not required.
(F) The registrant shall provide annual refresher safety
training, as defined in subsection (c) of this section, for each radiographer
trainee, radiographer, or radiographer trainer at intervals not to
exceed 12 months.
(G) No individual, other than a radiographer or a radiographer
trainee, who is under the personal supervision of a radiographer trainer,
shall manipulate controls or operate radiation machines used in industrial
radiographic operations. Only one radiographer is required to operate
radiation machines during industrial radiography.
(H) Radiographic operations shall not be conducted
at storage sites unless specifically authorized by the certificate
of registration.
(I) Records of annual refresher training and audits
of job performance specified in this subsection shall be made and
maintained in accordance with subsection (v)(1) of this section.
(J) Records of annual refresher safety training and
audits of job performance made in accordance with this subsection
shall include the following:
(i) list of the topics discussed during the refresher
safety training;
(ii) dates the annual refresher safety training was
conducted;
(iii) names of the instructors and attendees; and
(iv) for audits of job performance, the records shall
also include a list showing the items checked and any non-compliance
observed by the RSO or designee.
(6) Radiation surveys for the use of radiation machines.
(A) No industrial radiographic operation shall be conducted
unless at least one calibrated and operable radiation survey instrument,
as described in subsection (j) of this section, is used for each radiation
machine energized.
(B) A physical radiation survey shall be made after
each radiographic exposure using radiation machines to determine that
the machine is "off."
(C) All potential radiation areas where industrial
radiographic operations are to be performed shall be posted in accordance
with subsection (r) of this section, based on estimated dose rates,
before industrial radiographic operations begin. An area survey shall
be performed during the first radiographic exposure to confirm that
subsection (r) of this section requirements have been met and that
unrestricted areas do not have radiation levels in excess of the limits
specified in §289.231(o)(1)(B) of this title.
(D) Records of the surveys required by subparagraph
(C) of this paragraph shall be made and maintained in accordance with
subsection (v)(1) of this section. If a survey was used to determine
an individual's exposure due to loss of personnel monitoring data,
the records of the survey shall be maintained for agency inspection
until disposal is authorized by the agency.
(7) Requirements for radiation machines in shielded
rooms.
(A) Radiation machines in shielded rooms, shall comply
with all applicable requirements of this section.
(B) Radiation machines in shielded rooms shall be evaluated
at intervals not to exceed one year to ensure compliance with the
applicable requirements of this section and §289.231(o)(1) -
(3) of this title.
(C) Records of the annual evaluation of radiation machines
in shielded rooms required by subparagraph (B) of this paragraph shall
be made and maintained in accordance with subsection (v)(1) of this
section.
(8) Requirements for certified and certifiable cabinet
x-ray systems.
(A) Certified and certifiable cabinet x-ray systems,
including those designed to allow admittance of individuals, are exempt
from the requirements of this section except that:
(i) No registrant shall permit any individual to operate
a cabinet x-ray system until the individual has received a copy of
and instruction in the operating procedures for the unit.
Cont'd... |
