| (v) as a minimum, the standard radiation caution symbol
as defined in §289.202 of this title, and the following wording
"CAUTION. RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL--DO NOT HANDLE. NOTIFY CIVIL AUTHORITIES
(OR NAME OF COMPANY)" or "DANGER. RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL--DO NOT HANDLE.
NOTIFY CIVIL AUTHORITIES (OR NAME OF COMPANY)."
(F) Each radiographic exposure device shall have a
permanently stamped, legible, and clearly visible unique serial number.
(8) Operating and internal audit requirements for the
use of sealed sources of radiation.
(A) Each licensee shall conduct an internal audit program
to ensure that the requirements of this chapter, the conditions of
the license, and the licensee's operating, safety, and emergency procedures
are followed by radiographic personnel.
(B) Each radiographer's and radiographer trainee's
performance during an actual radiographic operation shall be audited
and documented at intervals not to exceed six months.
(C) If a radiographer or a radiographer trainee has
not participated in a radiographic operation during the six months
since the last audit, the radiographer or the radiographer trainee
shall demonstrate knowledge of the training requirements of subsection
(f)(1) of this section by an oral or written and practical examination
administered by the licensee before these individuals can next participate
in a radiographic operation.
(D) The agency may consider alternatives in those situations
where the individual serves as both radiographer and RSO.
(E) In those operations where a single individual serves
as both radiographer and RSO, and performs all radiography operations,
an audit program is not required.
(F) Each licensee shall provide annual refresher safety
training, as defined in subsection (c) of this section, for each radiographer
and radiographer trainee at intervals not to exceed 12 months.
(G) Each licensee shall provide, as a minimum, two
radiographic personnel for each exposure device in use for any industrial
radiography conducted at a location other than at a permanent radiographic
installation (shielded room, bay, or bunker) meeting the requirements
of subsection (n)(1) of this section. If one of the personnel is a
radiographer trainee, the other shall be a radiographer trainer authorized
by the license.
(H) Collimators shall be used in industrial radiographic
operations that use crank-out devices except when physically impossible.
(I) No individual other than a radiographer or a radiographer
trainee who is under the personal supervision of a radiographer trainer
shall manipulate controls or operate radiographic exposure devices
and associated equipment used in industrial radiographic operations.
(J) Radiographic operations shall not be conducted
at storage sites unless specifically authorized by the license.
(K) Records of annual refresher training and audits
of job performance specified in this subsection shall be made and
maintained in accordance with subsection (v)(1) of this section.
(L) Records of annual refresher safety training and
audits of job performance made in accordance with this subsection
shall include the following:
(i) list of the topics discussed during the refresher
safety training;
(ii) dates the annual refresher safety training was
conducted;
(iii) names of the instructors and attendees; and
(iv) for audits of job performance, the records shall
also include a list showing the items checked and any non-compliance
observed by the RSO or designee.
(9) Radiation surveys for the use of sealed sources
of radiation.
(A) No industrial radiographic operation shall be conducted
unless at least one calibrated and operable radiation survey instrument,
as described in subsection (j) of this section, is used at each site
where radiographic exposures are made.
(B) A survey with a radiation survey instrument meeting
the requirements of subsection (j)(1) - (3) of this section shall
be made after each radiographic exposure to determine that the sealed
source has been returned to its fully shielded position, and before
exchanging films, repositioning the exposure head, or dismantling
equipment. The entire circumference of the radiographic exposure device
shall be surveyed. If the radiographic exposure device has a source
guide tube, the survey shall also include the source guide tube and
any collimator.
(C) All potential radiation areas where industrial
radiographic operations are to be performed shall be posted in accordance
with subsection (r) of this section, based on calculated dose rates,
before industrial radiographic operations begin. An area survey shall
be performed during the first radiographic exposure (for example,
with the sealed source in the exposed position) to confirm that the
requirements of subsection (r) of this section have been met.
(D) Each time re-establishment of the restricted area
is required, the requirements of subparagraph (C) of this paragraph
shall be met.
(E) The requirements of subparagraph (D) of this paragraph
do not apply to pipeline industrial radiographic operations when the
conditions of exposure including, but not limited to, the radiographic
exposure device, duration of exposure, source strength, pipe size,
and pipe thickness remain constant.
(F) A lock-out survey, in which all accessible surfaces
of the radiographic exposure device or source changer are surveyed,
shall be performed.
(G) Surveys shall be performed in the storage location
to ensure that radiation levels do not exceed the limits specified
in §289.202(n)(1) of this title. These surveys shall be performed
initially with the maximum amount of radioactive material present
in the storage location and thereafter at the time of the quarterly
inventory and whenever storage conditions change.
(H) A survey meeting the requirements of subparagraph
(B) of this paragraph shall be performed on the radiographic exposure
device and the source changer after every sealed source exchange.
(I) Records of the surveys required by subparagraphs
(C), (D), and (F) - (H) of this paragraph shall be made and maintained
in accordance with subsection (v)(1) of this section. If a survey
was used to determine an individual's exposure due to loss of personnel
monitoring data, the records of the survey shall be maintained for
agency inspection until disposal is authorized by the agency.
(10) Requirements for shielded rooms containing sealed
sources.
(A) Shielded rooms containing sealed sources shall
comply with all applicable requirements of this section.
(B) Shielded rooms containing sealed sources shall
be evaluated at intervals not to exceed one year to ensure compliance
with the applicable requirements of this section and §289.202(n)(1)
- (3) of this title.
(C) Tests for proper operation of interlocks shall
be conducted and recorded in accordance with subsection (n) of this
section.
(D) Records of evaluations required by subparagraph
(B) of this paragraph shall be made and maintained in accordance with
subsection (v)(1) of this section.
(E) Records of interlock tests required by subparagraph
(C) of this paragraph shall be made and maintained in accordance with
subsection (v)(1) of this section.
(11) Underwater, offshore platform, and lay-barge radiography.
(A) Underwater, offshore platform, and/or lay-barge
radiography shall not be performed unless specifically authorized
in a license issued by the agency in accordance with paragraph (1)
of this subsection.
(B) In addition to the other requirements of this section,
the following requirements apply to the performance of offshore platform
or lay-barge radiography.
(i) Cobalt-60 sources with activities in excess of
20 curies (nominal) (3.7 terabecquerels) and iridium-192 sources with
activities in excess of 100 curies (nominal) (740 gigabecquerels)
shall not be used in the performance of offshore platform or lay-barge
radiography.
(ii) Collimators shall be used for all industrial radiographic
operations performed on offshore platforms or lay-barges.
(12) Prohibitions.
(A) Industrial radiography performed with a sealed
source that is not fastened to or contained in a radiographic exposure
device (fishpole technique) is prohibited unless specifically authorized
in a license issued by the agency.
(B) Retrieval of disconnected sources or sources that
cannot be returned by normal means to a fully shielded position or
automatically secured in the radiographic exposure device, shall not
be performed unless specifically authorized by a license condition.
Cont'd... |
