| (a) General requirements. This course is recommended
for students in Grades 11 and 12. Prerequisite: Equine Science, Small
Animal Management, or Livestock Production. Students shall be awarded
one credit for successful completion of this course.
(b) Introduction.
(1) Career and technical education instruction provides
content aligned with challenging academic standards and relevant technical
knowledge and skills for students to further their education and succeed
in current or emerging professions.
(2) The Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources Career
Cluster focuses on the production, processing, marketing, distribution,
financing, and development of agricultural commodities and resources,
including food, fiber, wood products, natural resources, horticulture,
and other plant and animal products/resources.
(3) Veterinary Medical Applications covers topics relating
to veterinary practices, including practices for large and small animal
species. To prepare for careers in the field of animal science, students
must attain academic skills and knowledge, acquire technical knowledge
and skills related to animal systems and the workplace, and develop
knowledge and skills regarding career opportunities, entry requirements,
and industry expectations. To prepare for success, students need opportunities
to learn, reinforce, apply, and transfer knowledge and skills and
technologies in a variety of settings.
(4) Students are encouraged to participate in extended
learning experiences such as career and technical student organizations
and other leadership or extracurricular organizations.
(5) Statements that contain the word "including" reference
content that must be mastered, while those containing the phrase "such
as" are intended as possible illustrative examples.
(c) Knowledge and skills.
(1) The student demonstrates professional standards/employability
skills as required by business and industry. The student is expected
to:
(A) identify career development and entrepreneurship
opportunities in the field of veterinary science;
(B) demonstrate competencies related to resources,
information, interpersonal skills, and systems of operation in veterinary
science;
(C) demonstrate knowledge of personal and occupational
health and safety practices in the workplace;
(D) identify employers' expectations, including appropriate
work habits, ethical conduct, and legal responsibilities;
(E) demonstrate characteristics of good citizenship
such as stewardship, advocacy, and community leadership; and
(F) research career topics using technology such as
the Internet.
(2) The student develops a supervised agriculture experience
program. The student is expected to:
(A) plan, propose, conduct, document, and evaluate
a supervised agriculture experience program as an experiential learning
activity;
(B) apply proper record-keeping skills as they relate
to the supervised agriculture experience;
(C) participate in youth leadership opportunities to
create a well-rounded experience program; and
(D) produce and participate in a local program of activities
using a strategic planning process.
(3) The student researches current topics in veterinary
medicine, recognizes the importance of animals in society, and discusses
professional ethics and laws that relate to veterinary medicine. The
student is expected to:
(A) explain the human-animal bond and how to interact
with clients and their animals;
(B) identify trends, issues, and historical events
that have influenced animal use and care;
(C) describe the legal aspects of animal welfare and
animal rights;
(D) evaluate the principles of veterinary medical ethics;
and
(E) review policies and procedures in veterinary medicine
that reflect various local, state, and federal laws.
(4) The student evaluates veterinary hospital management
and marketing to determine their importance to the success of veterinary
clinics and hospitals. The student is expected to:
(A) identify skills needed to communicate effectively
with clients and pet owners in the community;
(B) identify vital information and demonstrate effective
communication skills necessary to solve problems;
(C) explain the role and importance of marketing and
its effects on the success of a veterinary hospital; and
(D) develop skills involving the use of electronic
technology commonly found in a veterinary hospital such as centrifuge,
autoclave, and radiography positions.
(5) The student communicates the importance of medical
terminology, evaluates veterinary terms to discover their meanings,
and demonstrates the ability to use terms correctly. The student is
expected to:
(A) analyze veterinary terms to discover their meanings
and recognize common Greek and Latin prefixes, suffixes, and roots;
(B) use directional anatomical terms appropriately;
(C) identify anatomical structures of animals;
(D) describe the major body systems using appropriate
medical terminology; and
(E) recognize, pronounce, spell, and define medical
terms relating to diagnosis, pathology, and treatment of animals.
(6) The student explores the area of animal management
as it relates to animal identification, animal characteristics, and
behavioral temperament. The student is expected to:
(A) identify a variety of animal species such as companion,
exotic, and large animal species according to common breed characteristics;
(B) recognize common animal behavioral problems within
companion, exotic, and large animals per industry standard;
(C) identify correct handling protocols and discuss
their relevance to veterinary medical staff; and
(D) demonstrate appropriate methods of handling a variety
of animal behaviors.
(7) The student investigates the body systems and gains
a working knowledge of each system's purpose and functions and how
each system is affected by disease. The student is expected to:
(A) identify the parts of the skeletal, muscular, respiratory,
circulatory, digestive, endocrine, and nervous systems;
(B) describe the functions of the skeletal, muscular,
respiratory, circulatory, digestive, endocrine, and nervous systems;
(C) identify appropriate anatomical sites for injections,
measuring vital signs, and collecting blood samples for various animal
species; and
(D) describe normal animal behavior and vital signs
compared to sick animals using medical terminology.
(8) The student performs mathematical calculations
used in veterinary medicine. The student is expected to:
(A) add, subtract, multiply, and divide whole numbers,
fractions, and decimals as related to veterinary medicine;
(B) apply mathematical skills needed for accurate client
assessment such as measurement, conversion, and data analysis;
(C) solve veterinary problems by calculating percentages
and averages;
(D) convert between English and metric units;
(E) determine weight, volume, and linear measurements
using scientific calculations;
(F) solve word problems using ratios and dimensional
analysis;
(G) interpret data using tables, charts, and graphs;
and
(H) calculate and prepare chemical concentrations using
mathematical equations.
(9) The student evaluates animal diseases and identifies
internal, external, and protozoal parasites. The student is expected
to:
(A) identify factors that influence the health of animals;
(B) identify pathogens and describe the effects that
diseases have on various body systems;
(C) explain courses of treatment for common viral and
bacterial diseases;
(D) describe the process of immunity and disease transmission;
(E) identify internal, external, and protozoal parasites
using common and scientific names;
(F) describe life cycles of common parasites;
(G) explain how parasites are transmitted and their
effect on the host;
(H) conduct parasitic diagnostic procedures; and
(I) describe types of treatments for diseases and parasites.
(10) The student evaluates an animal's health during
a clinical examination. The student is expected to:
(A) describe the characteristics and signs of a healthy
animal;
(B) recognize examples of abnormalities and relate
them to their associated problems and illnesses;
(C) take temperature, pulse, and respiration for a
variety of animals;
(D) describe effects of age, stress, and environmental
factors on vital signs of animals;
(E) explain procedures for physical examinations; and
(F) explain the regional approach to assess an animal's
health.
(11) The student identifies imaging equipment and demonstrates
how to safely operate and maintain equipment. The student is expected
to:
(A) identify imaging equipment such as an ultrasonograph,
endoscope, electrocardiograph, and radiograph;
(B) explain safety procedures, maintenance, and operation
of imaging equipment; and
(C) demonstrate patient restraint and positioning methods
used for imaging purposes.
(12) The student determines nutritional requirements
for ruminant and non-ruminant animals and communicates the importance
of animal nutrition in maintaining a healthy animal. The student is
expected to:
(A) identify the anatomy of the digestive system of
ruminant and non-ruminant animals;
(B) describe the process of digestion in ruminant and
non-ruminant animals;
(C) identify types and sources of nutrients and classes
of feeds;
(D) identify feed additives and describe how additives
affect the food supply;
(E) evaluate animal dietary needs and feeding factors;
(F) calculate energy requirements and formulate rations;
(G) discuss feeding practices and feed-quality issues;
and
(H) analyze the quality of commercially prepared feeds.
(13) The student examines various aspects of clinical
hematology. The student is expected to:
(A) describe laboratory tests and explain the importance
of proper laboratory procedures;
(B) demonstrate the procedures used in collecting,
handling, preparing, and examining fecal, blood, and urine specimens;
(C) discuss normal and abnormal results obtained in
complete blood counts;
(D) explain sensitivity testing and how to read testing
results; and
(E) prepare microscope slides, preserve specimens,
and perform several of the most common laboratory tests such as fecal
flotations, microfilaria smear, and packed cell volume.
(14) The student identifies hospital procedures, skills,
and objectives that are included in the job description of an animal
care assistant. The student is expected to:
(A) explain the care, maintenance, and use of equipment
and instruments found in veterinary practice;
(B) explain appropriate hospital procedures;
(C) discuss emergency protocols and describe first
aid procedures, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation, control of
bleeding, and treatment for shock, for small and large animals;
(D) demonstrate animal care skills such as administering
medications, nail trimming, bathing, grooming, ear cleaning, expressing
anal sacs, dental prophylaxis, enema administration, and identification
of animals;
(E) demonstrate therapeutic care such as patient observation,
maintaining and administering fluids, applying bandages, caring for
open wounds, and managing hydrotherapy and physical therapy; and
(F) describe skills involved in the reproductive and
genetic evaluation of animals.
(15) The student identifies and discusses surgical-assisting
procedures, skills, and objectives that are included in the job description
of an animal care assistant. The student is expected to:
(A) explain the protocol for pre-surgical and post-surgical
care of a patient;
(B) describe methods used in the sterilization and
preparation of small and large animal surgery packs;
(C) review skills involved in patient and surgical
room preparation;
(D) describe surgical procedures such as castration,
dehorning, and docking;
(E) describe care of newborn, orphan, and recumbent
patients; and
(F) identify and monitor equipment used in surgical
procedures.
(16) The student identifies pharmacology-assisting
procedures, skills, and objectives that are included in the job description
of an animal care assistant. The student is expected to:
(A) identify medications according to their classification,
form, routes, and methods of administration;
(B) explain handling and distribution, protocol, and
laws for controlled substances, including the U.S. Drug Enforcement
Agency;
(C) calculate dosage using factors such as concentration
of drug, weight of animal, and required dosage;
(D) complete a prescription label with identifiers
that are required by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration; and
(E) select equipment and instruments used to give medications.
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