| (a) Abnormalities in milk.
(1) Milk from animals treated with or exposed to insecticides
not approved for use on dairy cattle by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency must not be offered for sale.
(2) The department may require additional tests for
the detection of abnormalities in milk.
(3) Milk containing abnormalities must be handled and
disposed of to prevent the infection of other animals and the contamination
of milk utensils and equipment. Milk containing abnormalities may
not be offered for human consumption.
(4) Animals secreting milk with abnormalities must
be milked last or with separate equipment, in order to prevent the
contamination of the wholesome supply.
(5) Equipment, utensils, and containers used for the
handling of milk containing abnormalities must not be used for the
handling of milk to be offered for sale, unless they are first cleaned
and sanitized.
(b) Milking barn, stable, parlor, or Automatic Milking
Installation (AMI)--construction.
(1) A milking barn, stable, parlor, or AMI must be
present on all Grade A raw milk processor dairy farms to house the
milking herd during milking time operations. The areas used for milking
purposes must:
(A) have floors constructed of concrete or equally
impervious material graded to drain, which are smooth, easily cleanable,
maintained in good repair, and free of excessive breaks or worn areas
that may create pools of water, wastes, or other liquids;
(B) have gutters and feed troughs constructed of good
quality concrete or equally impervious material;
(C) be constructed to ensure manure does not pile or
pool in the milking barn, stable, parlor, or AMI and is approved by
the department;
(D) have finished walls and ceilings that are smooth,
easily cleanable, impervious to moisture, light colored, dust tight,
and in good repair;
(E) have ceilings that are dust-tight;
(F) have wall partitions, doors, shelves, and windows
kept in good repair, and surfaces must be refinished whenever wear
or discoloration is evident;
(G) ensure feed stored overhead does not allow the
sifting of chaff and dust into the milking barn, stable, parlor, or
AMI;
(H) ensure hay openings have a dust-tight door, which
is kept closed during milking operations;
(I) have separate stalls or pens for non-lactating
animals;
(J) have lighting equivalent of at least 10 foot candles
in all working areas during milking hours;
(K) provide sufficient air space and air circulation
to prevent condensation and excessive odors throughout the milking
barn, stable, parlor, or AMI;
(L) not be overcrowded; and
(M) have dust-tight covered boxes, bins, or separate
storage facilities for ground, chopped, or concentrated feed.
(2) The department may approve a barn without four
walls extending from floor to roof, or a shed-type barn, provided
the requirements of subsection (c) of this section, concerning animals
and fowl entering the barn are met. Animal-housing areas (stables
without stanchions, such as loose housing tables, pen stables, resting
barns, free stall barns, holding barns, loafing sheds, wandering sheds)
may be of shed-type construction, provided no milking is conducted
therein.
(c) Milking barn, stable, parlor, or AMI--cleanliness.
(1) The interior of the milking barn, stable, parlor,
or AMI must be kept clean.
(2) Leftover feed in feed mangers must appear dry and
fresh.
(3) The bedding material, if used, must be free from
excessive manure.
(4) Outside surfaces of pipeline systems located in
the milking barn, stable, parlor, or AMI must be clean.
(5) All animal pens, if not separated from the milking
barn, stable, parlor, or AMI, must be clean.
(6) Swine and fowl must be kept out of the milking
barn, parlor, and AMI.
(7) Gravity flow manure channels in milking barns,
if used, must be maintained and be cleaned.
(8) Floors must be cleaned after each milking.
(A) In barns provided with water under pressure, the
floors must be scrubbed after each milking with a stiff-bristled brush.
(B) In barns in which water under pressure is not available,
the floors may be brushed dry and limed, or have phosphate applied
evenly in a thin coat. Care should be exercised to prevent caking
of the lime.
(d) Animal yard.
(1) The animal yards, which are the enclosed or unenclosed
areas adjacent to the milking barn, and AMIs in which the animals
may congregate, including animal housing areas and feed lots, must
be graded and drained and must have no standing pools of water or
accumulations of animal manure.
(2) Animal lanes must be reasonably dry.
(3) Approaches to the barn door, surroundings of stock
watering, and feeding stations must be solid to the footing of the
animal.
(4) Loafing and animal housing areas must have animal
droppings and soiled bedding removed, or clean bedding added, at sufficient
intervals to prevent the soiling of the animal's udders and flanks.
(5) Waste feed must not accumulate.
(6) Manure packs must be properly drained and must
provide reasonably firm footing.
(7) Swine must be kept out of the animal yard.
(e) Milkhouse or room--construction and facilities.
(1) A milkhouse or room of sufficient size, a minimum
of 30 inch spacing around equipment to allow for cleaning and inspection
on all sides, must be provided for the cooling, handling, and storing
of milk, and the washing, sanitizing, and storing of milk containers
and utensils except as provided for in subsection (l) of this section.
(2) The milkhouse floor must be smooth, easily cleanable,
and constructed of concrete or equally impervious material. The floors
must be maintained in good repair free of cracks, breaks, depressions,
and surface peeling.
(3) The floor shall be sloped to drain to prevent pools
of standing water.
(4) The joints between the floor and walls must be
watertight.
(5) Liquid waste shall be disposed of in a sanitary
manner. All floor drains shall be accessible and shall be trapped
if connected to a sanitary sewer system.
(6) The walls and ceilings must be smooth, easily cleanable,
impervious to moisture, covered with light colored paint, and in good
repair.
(7) Surfaces and joints must be tight and smooth.
(8) The milkhouse must have a minimum of 20 foot candles
of adequate natural or artificial light.
(9) The milkhouse must be adequately ventilated to
minimize odors and condensation of floors, walls, ceilings, and clean
utensils.
(10) Vents, if installed, and lighting fixtures must
be installed to preclude the contamination of bulk milk tanks or clean
utensil storage areas.
(11) The milkhouse shall be used for no other purpose
than milkhouse operations as described in §217.28(e)(1) of this
subchapter (relating to Sanitation Requirements for Grade A Raw Milk
and Raw Milk Products).
(12) There shall be no direct opening from the milkhouse
into any barn, stable, parlor, AMI, or room used for domestic purposes,
except that an opening between the milkhouse and milking barn, stable,
parlor, or AMI is permitted when a tight-fitting, self-closing solid
door is provided.
(13) A vestibule must comply with the applicable milkhouse
construction requirements.
(14) Water under pressure must be piped into the milkhouse.
(15) The milkhouse must be provided with facilities
for heating water in sufficient quantity and necessary temperatures,
based on the cleaning agent''s specifications, for the effective cleaning
of all equipment and utensils.
(16) The milkhouse shall be equipped with a two-compartment
wash vat of sufficient size to accommodate the largest utensil and
container used.
(17) A refrigerator of sufficient size must:
(A) be provided for storage of cooling bottled Grade
A raw milk and Grade A raw milk products;
(B) be capable of maintaining the Grade A raw milk
and Grade A raw milk products at the proper temperature; and
Cont'd... |
