The following words and terms, when used in this chapter shall
have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates
otherwise. If a word or term used in this chapter is not contained
in the following list, its definition shall be as shown in 40 Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR) §141.2. Other technical terms used
shall have the meanings or definitions listed in the latest edition
of The Water Dictionary: A Comprehensive
Reference of Water Terminology, prepared by the American Water
Works Association.
(1) Affected utility--A retail public utility (§291.3
of this title (relating to Definitions of Terms)), exempt utility
(§291.103 of this title (relating to Certificates Not Required)),
or provider or conveyor of potable or raw water service that furnishes
water service to more than one customer:
(A) in a county with a population of 3.3 million or
more; or
(B) in a county with a population of 550,000 or more
adjacent to a county with a population of 3.3 million or more.
(2) Air gap--The unobstructed vertical distance through
the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet
conveying water to a tank, fixture, receptor, sink, or other assembly
and the flood level rim of the receptacle. The vertical, physical
separation must be at least twice the diameter of the water supply
outlet, but never less than 1.0 inch.
(3) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards--The
standards of the American National Standards Institute, Inc.
(4) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
standards--The standards of the ASME.
(5) American Water Works Association (AWWA) standards--The
latest edition of the applicable standards as approved and published
by the AWWA.
(6) Approved laboratory--A laboratory approved by the
executive director to analyze water samples to determine their compliance
with certain maximum or minimum allowable constituent levels.
(7) ASTM International standards--The standards of
ASTM International (formerly known as the American Society for Testing
and Materials).
(8) Auxiliary power--Either mechanical power or electric
generators which can enable the system to provide water under pressure
to the distribution system in the event of a local power failure.
With the approval of the executive director, dual primary electric
service may be considered as auxiliary power in areas which are not
subject to large scale power outages due to natural disasters.
(9) Bag filter--Pressure-driven separation device that
removes particulate matter larger than 1 micrometer using an engineered
porous filtration media. They are typically constructed of a non-rigid,
fabric filtration media housed in a pressure vessel in which the direction
of flow is from the inside of the bag to the outside.
(10) Baseline performance--In reference to a membrane
treatment facility, the detailed assessment of observed operational
conditions at the time the membrane facility is placed in service
for the purpose of tracking changes over time and determining when
maintenance or service is required. Examples of parameters where baseline
performance data is collected include: net driving pressure, normalized
permeate flow, salt rejection, and salt passage.
(11) Cartridge filter--Pressure-driven separation device
that removes particulate matter larger than 1 micrometer using an
engineered porous filtration media. They are typically constructed
as rigid or semi-rigid, self-supporting filter elements housed in
pressure vessels in which flow is from the outside of the cartridge
to the inside.
(12) Certified laboratory--A laboratory certified by
the commission to analyze water samples to determine their compliance
with maximum allowable constituent levels. After June 30, 2008, laboratories
must be accredited, not certified, in order to perform sample analyses
previously performed by certified laboratories.
(13) Challenge test--A study conducted to determine
the removal efficiency (log removal value) of a device for a particular
organism, particulate, or surrogate.
(14) Chemical disinfectant--Any oxidant, including
but not limited to chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chloramines, and ozone
added to the water in any part of the treatment or distribution process,
that is intended to kill or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms.
(15) Community water system--A public water system
which has a potential to serve at least 15 residential service connections
on a year-round basis or serves at least 25 residents on a year-round
basis.
(16) Connection--A single family residential unit or
each commercial or industrial establishment to which drinking water
is supplied from the system. As an example, the number of service
connections in an apartment complex would be equal to the number of
individual apartment units. When enough data is not available to accurately
determine the number of connections to be served or being served,
the population served divided by three will be used as the number
of connections for calculating system capacity requirements. Conversely,
if only the number of connections is known, the connection total multiplied
by three will be the number used for population served. For the purposes
of this definition, a dwelling or business which is connected to a
system that delivers water by a constructed conveyance other than
a pipe shall not be considered a connection if:
(A) the water is used exclusively for purposes other
than those defined as human consumption (see human consumption);
(B) the executive director determines that alternative
water to achieve the equivalent level of public health protection
provided by the drinking water standards is provided for residential
or similar human consumption, including, but not limited to, drinking
and cooking; or
(C) the executive director determines that the water
provided for residential or similar human consumption is centrally
treated or is treated at the point of entry by a provider, a pass
through entity, or the user to achieve the equivalent level of protection
provided by the drinking water standards.
(17) Contamination--The presence of any foreign substance
(organic, inorganic, radiological, or biological) in water which tends
to degrade its quality so as to constitute a health hazard or impair
the usefulness of the water.
(18) Cross-connection--A physical connection between
a public water system and either another supply of unknown or questionable
quality, any source which may contain contaminating or polluting substances,
or any source of water treated to a lesser degree in the treatment
process.
(19) Direct integrity test--A physical test applied
to a membrane unit in order to identify and isolate integrity breaches/leaks
that could result in contamination of the filtrate.
(20) Disinfectant--A chemical or a treatment which
is intended to kill or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms in water.
(21) Disinfection--A process which inactivates pathogenic
organisms in the water by chemical oxidants or equivalent agents.
(22) Distribution system--A system of pipes that conveys
potable water from a treatment plant to the consumers. The term includes
pump stations, ground and elevated storage tanks, potable water mains,
and potable water service lines and all associated valves, fittings,
and meters, but excludes potable water customer service lines.
(23) Drinking water--All water distributed by any agency
or individual, public or private, for the purpose of human consumption
or which may be used in the preparation of foods or beverages or for
the cleaning of any utensil or article used in the course of preparation
or consumption of food or beverages for human beings. The term "drinking
water" shall also include all water supplied for human consumption
or used by any institution catering to the public.
(24) Drinking water standards--The commission rules
covering drinking water standards in Subchapter F of this chapter
(relating to Drinking Water Standards Governing Drinking Water Quality
and Reporting Requirements for Public Water Systems).
(25) Elevated storage capacity--That portion of water
which can be stored at least 80 feet above the highest service connection
in the pressure plane served by the storage tank.
(26) Emergency operations--The operation of an affected
utility during an extended power outage at a minimum water pressure
of 35 pounds per square inch.
(27) Emergency power--Either mechanical power or electric
generators which can enable the system to provide water under pressure
to the distribution system in the event of a local power failure.
With the approval of the executive director, dual primary electric
service may be considered as emergency power in areas which are not
subject to large scale power outages due to natural disasters.
(28) Extended power outage--A power outage lasting
for more than 24 hours.
(29) Filtrate--The water produced from a filtration
process; typically used to describe the water produced by filter processes
such as membranes.
(30) Flux--The throughput of a pressure-driven membrane
filtration system expressed as flow per unit of membrane area. For
example, gallons per square foot per day or liters per hour per square
meter.
(31) Grantee--For purposes of this chapter, any person
receiving an ownership interest in a public water system, whether
by sale, transfer, descent, probate, or otherwise.
(32) Grantor--For purposes of this chapter, any person
who conveys an ownership interest in a public water system, whether
by sale, transfer, descent, probate, or otherwise.
(33) Groundwater--Any water that is located beneath
the surface of the ground and is not under the direct influence of
surface water.
(34) Groundwater under the direct influence of surface
water--Any water beneath the surface of the ground with:
(A) significant occurrence of insects or other macroorganisms,
algae, or large-diameter pathogens such as Giardia
lamblia or Cryptosporidium;
(B) significant and relatively rapid shifts in water
characteristics such as turbidity, temperature, conductivity, or pH
which closely correlate to climatological or surface water conditions;
or
(C) site-specific characteristics including measurements
of water quality parameters, well construction details, existing geological
attributes, and other features that are similar to groundwater sources
that have been identified by the executive director as being under
the direct influence of surface water.
(35) Health hazard--A cross-connection, potential contamination
hazard, or other situation involving any substance that can cause
death, illness, spread of disease, or has a high probability of causing
such effects if introduced into the potable drinking water supply.
(36) Human consumption--Uses by humans in which water
can be ingested into or absorbed by the human body. Examples of these
uses include, but are not limited to drinking, cooking, brushing teeth,
bathing, washing hands, washing dishes, and preparing foods.
(37) Indirect integrity monitoring--The monitoring
of some aspect of filtrate water quality, such as turbidity, that
is indicative of the removal of particulate matter.
(38) Innovative/alternate treatment--Any treatment
process that does not have specific design requirements in §290.42(a)
- (f) of this title (relating to Water Treatment).
(39) Interconnection--A physical connection between
two public water supply systems.
(40) International Fire Code (IFC)--The standards of
the International Code Council.
(41) Intruder-resistant fence--A fence six feet or
greater in height, constructed of wood, concrete, masonry, or metal
with three strands of barbed wire extending outward from the top of
the fence at a 45 degree angle with the smooth side of the fence on
the outside wall. In lieu of the barbed wire, the fence must be eight
feet in height. The fence must be in good repair and close enough
to surface grade to prevent intruder passage.
(42) L/d ratio--The dimensionless value that is obtained
by dividing the length (depth) of a granular media filter bed by the
weighted effective diameter "d" of the filter media. The weighted
effective diameter of the media is calculated based on the percentage
of the total bed depth contributed by each media layer.
(43) Licensed professional engineer--An engineer who
maintains a current license through the Texas Board of Professional
Engineers in accordance with its requirements for professional practice.
(44) Log removal value (LRV)--Removal efficiency for
a target organism, particulate, or surrogate expressed as log10 (i.e., log10 (feed
concentration) - log10 (filtrate concentration)).
(45) Maximum contaminant level (MCL)--The MCL for a
specific contaminant is defined in the section relating to that contaminant.
(46) Maximum daily demand--In the absence of verified
historical data or in cases where a public water system has imposed
mandatory water use restrictions within the past 36 months, maximum
daily demand means 2.4 times the average daily demand of the system.
Cont'd... |
