| (C) Documentation of the requirements in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of this paragraph shall be maintained by the registrant for 10 years for inspection by the agency. (f) Area requirements. (1) Radiation levels. The local components of an x-ray system shall be located and arranged and shall include sufficient shielding or access control such that no radiation levels exist in any area surrounding the local component group that could result in a dose to an individual present in the area in excess of the dose limits specified in §289.231 of this title. (2) Surveys. (A) Radiation surveys, as required by §289.231 of this title, of all radiation machines and x-ray systems sufficient to show compliance with paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be performed: (i) upon installation of the equipment; (ii) following any change in the initial arrangement, number, or type of local components in the system; (iii) following any maintenance requiring the disassembly or removal of a local component in the system; (iv) during the performance of maintenance and alignment procedures if the procedures require the presence of a primary x-ray beam when any local component in the system is disassembled or removed; (v) any time a visual inspection of the local components in the system reveals an abnormal condition; or (vi) whenever individual monitoring devices show a significant increase over the previous monitoring period or the readings are approaching the radiation dose limits. (B) Radiation survey measurements shall not be required if a registrant can demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the agency, compliance with paragraph (1) of this subsection in some other manner. (3) Posting. Each area or room containing radiation machines shall be conspicuously posted with a sign or signs bearing the radiation symbol and the words "CAUTION - X-RAY EQUIPMENT," or words having a similar intent. (g) Operating requirements. (1) Procedures. Operating and safety procedures shall be written and made available to all radiation machine operators. No person shall be permitted to operate radiation machines in any manner other than that specified in the procedures unless that person has obtained written approval of the radiation safety officer. (2) Bypassing. No person shall bypass a safety device unless that person has obtained the approval of the radiation safety officer. When a safety device has been bypassed, a visible sign bearing the words "SAFETY DEVICE NOT WORKING," or words having a similar intent, shall be placed on the radiation source housing. (3) Repair or modification of radiation machines. Except as specified in paragraph (2) of this subsection, no operation involving removal of covers, shielding materials, or tube housings, or modifications to shutters, collimators, or beam stops shall be performed without ensuring that the tube is off and will remain off until safe conditions have been restored. The main switch, rather than interlocks, shall be used for routine shutdown in preparation for repairs. (h) Personnel requirements. (1) Instructions. No person shall be permitted to operate or maintain radiation machines unless such person has received instruction in and demonstrated competence in the following: (A) identification of radiation hazards associated with the use of the radiation machine; (B) radiation warning and safety devices incorporated into the radiation machine, or the reasons they have not been installed on certain pieces of equipment and the extra precautions required in such cases; (C) operating and safety procedures for the radiation machine; and (D) proper procedures for reporting an actual or suspected exposure in excess of the limits specified in §289.231 of this title. (2) Instructions for bomb detection radiation machines. All personnel operating bomb detection radiation machines shall be trained in the set-up and operation of the radiation machine and in establishing a restricted area. (3) Individual monitoring. In addition to the requirements of §289.231(n)(1)(A) of this title, finger dosimetric devices shall be provided to and shall be used by: (A) radiation machine workers using systems having an open-beam configuration and not equipped with a safety device; and (B) personnel maintaining radiation machines if the maintenance procedures require the presence of a primary x-ray beam when any local component in the x-ray system is disassembled or removed. (4) Records and documentation. Documentation of the requirements in paragraphs (1) - (3) of this subsection shall be maintained by the registrant for 10 years for inspection by the agency. In addition to complying with the requirements of this paragraph, records of individual monitoring results shall be maintained by the registrant in accordance with §289.231(dd) of this title. |
