| (iii) Interior and exterior insulation, including finishes and adhesives on the exterior surfaces of ducts and equipment, shall have a flame spread rating of 25 or less and a smoke developed rating of 50 or less as required by NFPA 90A, Chapters 4 and 5 and as determined by an independent testing laboratory in accordance with NFPA 255, A Standard Method of Test of Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, 2000 Edition. (iv) Duct lining and acoustical traps exposed to air movement shall not be used in ducts serving any trauma rooms, treatment rooms, examination rooms, holding areas, clean room, and critical care areas. This requirement shall not apply to mixing boxes and acoustical traps that have approved nonabrasive coverings over such linings. (v) Insulation of soft and spray-on types shall not be used where subject to air currents or mechanical erosion or where loose particles may create a maintenance problem or occupant discomfort. (vi) Internal linings shall not be used in ducts, terminal boxes, or other air system components supplying all patient care areas. This requirement shall not apply to mixing boxes and acoustical traps that have special coverings over such lining. (E) Ventilation for anesthetizing locations. When anesthesia is administered, ventilation for anesthetizing locations, as defined in NFPA 99, §3-3, shall comply with NFPA 99, §13.4.1.2 and any specific ventilation requirements of clauses (i) - (iii) of this subparagraph. (i) Smoke removal systems for anesthetizing locations. Smoke removal systems shall be provided in all windowless anesthetizing locations in accordance with NFPA 99, §6.4.1.2. Supply and exhaust systems for windowless anesthetizing locations shall be arranged to automatically exhaust smoke and products of combustion, prevent recirculation of smoke originating within the surgical suite, and prevent the circulation of smoke entering the system intakes, without in either case interfering with the exhaust function of the system. (ii) Smoke removal systems for surgical suites. Smoke removal systems shall be provided in all surgical suites in accordance with NFPA 99, §6.4.1.3. (iii) Smoke exhaust grilles. Exhaust grilles for smoke evacuation systems shall be ceiling-mounted or wall-mounted within 12 inches of the ceiling. (F) Location of return and exhaust air devices. The bottoms of wall-mounted return and exhaust air openings shall be at least 4 inches above the floor. Return air openings located less than 6 inches above the floor shall be provided with nominal filters. All exhaust air openings and return air openings located higher than 6 inches but less than 7 feet above the floor shall be protected with grilles or screens having openings through which a 1/2-inch sphere will not pass. (G) Ray protection. Ducts which penetrate construction intended for X-ray or other ray protection shall not impair the effectiveness of the protection. (H) Fire damper requirements. Fire dampers shall be located and installed in all ducts at the point of penetration of a required 2-hour or higher fire-rated wall or floor in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 101, §18.5.2. (I) Smoke damper requirements. Smoke dampers shall be located and installed in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 101, §20.3.7.3, and NFPA 90A, Chapter 5. (i) Combination fire and smoke leakage limiting dampers (Class II) shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer's instructions for all ducts penetrating one and two-hour rated fire and smoke partitions required by NFPA 101, §20.3.7, Subdivision of Building Space (not required in facility meeting the provisions of NFPA 101, §20.3.7.2, Exception Number 1). (ii) Combination smoke and fire dampers shall close on activation of the fire alarm system by smoke detectors installed and located as required by National Fire Protection Association 72, National Fire Alarm Code, 2002 Edition (NFPA 72), Chapter 8; NFPA 90A, Chapter 6; and NFPA 101, §20.3.5; the fire sprinkler system; and upon loss of power. Smoke dampers shall not close by fan shutdown alone unless it is a part of an engineered smoke removal system. (iii) Air handling fans and smoke damper controls may be interconnected so that closing of smoke dampers will not damage the ducts. (iv) Use of frangible devices for shutting smoke dampers is not permitted. (J) Acceptable damper assemblies. Only fire damper and smoke damper assemblies integral with sleeves and listed for the intended purpose shall be acceptable. (K) Duct access doors. Unobstructed access to duct openings in accordance with NFPA 90A, §4.3, shall be provided in ducts within reach and sight of every fire damper, smoke damper and smoke detector. Each opening shall be protected by an internally insulated door which shall be labeled externally to indicate the fire protection device located within. (L) Restarting controls. Controls for restarting fans may be installed for convenient fire department use to assist in evacuation of smoke after a fire is controlled, provided that provisions are made to avoid possible damage to the system because of closed dampers. To accomplish this, smoke dampers shall be equipped with remote control devices. (M) Make-up air. If air supply requirements in Table 1 of §131.148(a) of this title do not provide sufficient air for use by exhaust hoods and safety cabinets, filtered make-up air shall be ducted to maintain the required air flow direction in that room. Make-up systems for hoods shall be arranged to minimize short circuiting of air and to avoid reduction in air velocity at the point of contaminant capture. (h) Piping systems and plumbing fixture requirements. All piping systems and plumbing fixtures shall be designed and installed in accordance with the requirements of the National Standard Plumbing Code Illustrated published by the National Association of Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors (PHCC), 2003 edition, and this paragraph. The National Standard Plumbing Code may be obtained by writing or calling the PHCC at the following address or telephone number: Plumbing-Heating-Cooling Contractors, P.O. Box 6808, Falls Church, Virginia 22046; telephone (800) 533-7694. (1) Piping systems. (A) Water supply piping systems. Water service pipe to point of entrance to the building shall be brass pipe, copper tube (not less than type M when buried directly), copper pipe, cast iron water pipe, galvanized steel pipe, or approved plastic pipe. Domestic water distribution system piping within buildings shall be brass pipe, copper pipe, copper tube, or galvanized steel pipe. Piping systems shall be designed to supply water at sufficient pressure to operate all fixtures and equipment during maximum demand. (i) Each water service main, branch main, riser, and branch to a group of fixtures shall be equipped with accessible and readily identifiable shutoff valves. Stop valves shall be provided at each fixture. (ii) Backflow preventers (vacuum breakers) shall be installed on hose bibs, laboratory sinks, janitor sinks, bedpan flushing attachments, and all other fixtures to which hoses or tubing can be attached. Connections to high hazard sources, e.g., X-ray film processors, shall be from a cold water hose bib through a reduced pressure principle type backflow preventer (RPBFP). (iii) Flush valves installed on plumbing fixtures shall be of a quiet operating type, equipped with silencers. (iv) Water heating equipment shall have sufficient capacity to supply water for all clinical needs based on accepted engineering practices using actual number and type of fixtures and for heating, when applicable. (v) Hot water distribution system serving all patient care areas shall be under constant recirculation to provide continuous hot water at each hot water outlet. (vi) Water temperatures shall be measured at hot water point of use or at the inlet to processing equipment. Hot water temperature at point of use for patients, staff, and visitors shall be in the range of 105 to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. (vii) When potable water storage tanks (hot and cold) are used, the water shall be used and replenished. Domestic water storage tank(s) shall be fabricated of corrosion-resistant metal or lined with noncorrosive material. Water shall not be stored in tanks for future use unless the water is tested weekly for contaminates/bacteria. (viii) Purified water distribution system piping shall be task specific and include, but not necessarily be limited to, polypropylene (PP), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe. Final installed purified water system piping assemblies shall be UL approved and fully comply with applicable American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Fire Resistant/Smoke Density requirements. The applicable documents are available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428-2959. Cont'd... |
