| (1) Each licensee and registrant shall have a sufficient
number of calibrated, appropriate, and operable radiation survey instruments
at each location where sources of radiation are present to perform
the radiation surveys required by this section and §289.202(p)(1)
and (3) of this title and §289.231(s)(1) and (2) of this title,
as applicable. These radiation survey instruments shall be capable
of measuring a range from 2 mrem/hr (0.002 mSv/hr) through 1 rem per
hour (rem/hr) (0.01 sievert per hour (Sv/hr)).
(2) Each radiation survey instrument shall be calibrated:
(A) by a person licensed or registered by the agency,
another agreement state, or the NRC to perform such service;
(B) at energies appropriate for the licensee's or registrant's
use;
(C) at intervals not to exceed six months and after
each instrument servicing other than battery replacement;
(D) at two points located approximately one-third and
two-thirds of full-scale on each scale for linear scale instruments;
for logarithmic scale instruments, at mid-range of each decade, and
at two points of at least one decade; and for digital instruments,
at three points between 2 and 1,000 mrem/hr (0.02 and 10 mSv/hr);
and
(E) to demonstrate an accuracy within plus or minus
20% of the true radiation level at each point checked.
(3) Each radiation survey instrument shall be checked
with a radiation source at the beginning of each day of use and at
the beginning of each work shift to ensure it is operating properly.
(4) Records of the calibrations required by paragraph
(2) of this subsection shall be maintained in accordance with subsection
(v)(1) of this section.
(k) Quarterly inventory.
(1) Each licensee and registrant shall perform a physical
inventory at intervals not to exceed three months to account for all
sources of radiation and for devices containing DU received or possessed.
(2) Records of the quarterly inventories required by
paragraph (1) of this subsection shall be made and maintained in accordance
with subsection (v)(1) of this section.
(3) The record shall include the following for each
source of radiation, as appropriate:
(A) manufacturer, model, and serial number;
(B) radionuclide;
(C) number of curies (except for DU);
(D) location of each source of radiation;
(E) date of the inventory; and
(F) name of the individual making the inventory.
(l) Utilization logs.
(1) Each licensee and registrant shall make and maintain
current logs of the use, removal, and return to storage of each source
of radiation. The information shall be recorded in the log when the
source is removed from and returned to storage. The logs shall include:
(A) a unique identification, for example, make, model
and serial number, of the following:
(i) each radiation machine;
(ii) each radiographic exposure device containing a
sealed source or transport and storage container in which the sealed
source is located; and
(iii) each sealed source;
(B) the name and signature of the radiographer using
the source of radiation;
(C) the location(s) and date(s) where each source of
radiation is used; and
(D) the date(s) each source of radiation is removed
from storage and returned to storage.
(2) Utilization logs may be kept on clear legible records
containing all the information required by paragraph (1) of this subsection.
(3) Records of utilization logs shall be made and maintained
in accordance with subsection (v)(1) of this section.
(m) Inspection and maintenance of radiation machines,
radiographic exposure devices, transport and storage containers, associated
equipment, source changers, and survey instruments.
(1) Each day before using equipment, the radiographer
shall:
(A) perform visual and operational checks on radiation
machines, survey instruments, radiographic exposure devices, transport
and storage containers, associated equipment and source changers to
ensure that:
(i) the equipment is in good working condition;
(ii) the sources are adequately shielded in radiographic
exposure devices; and
(iii) required labeling is present and legible;
(B) determine the survey instrument is responding using
check sources or other appropriate means; and
(C) remove the equipment from service until repaired
if equipment problems are found.
(2) Each licensee and registrant shall perform and
shall have written procedures for the following:
(A) inspection and routine maintenance of radiation
machines, radiographic exposure devices, source changers, associated
equipment, transport and storage containers, and survey instruments
at intervals not to exceed three months to ensure the proper functioning
of components important to safety. All appropriate components shall
be maintained in accordance with manufacturers' specifications. Radiation
machines, radiographic exposure devices, transport containers and
source changers being stored are exempted from this requirement provided
that each radiation machine, radiographic exposure device, transport
container, or source changer is inspected and repaired prior to being
returned to service. This inspection and maintenance program shall
cover, as a minimum, the items listed in subsection (x)(2) of this
section; and
(B) inspection and maintenance necessary to maintain
the Type B packaging used to transport radioactive material. The inspection
and maintenance program shall include procedures to assure that Type
B packages are shipped and maintained in accordance with the certificate
of compliance or other approval.
(3) Records of daily checks of equipment, equipment
problems found in daily checks and quarterly inspections, and of any
maintenance performed in accordance with paragraph (1) of this subsection
shall be made and maintained in accordance with subsection (v)(1)
of this section.
(4) The record shall include the following:
(A) date of check or inspection;
(B) name of inspector;
(C) equipment involved;
(D) any problems found; and
(E) what repairs or maintenance, if any, were done.
(n) Permanent radiographic installations.
(1) Permanent radiographic installations shall have
high radiation area entrance controls (for example, a control device
that energizes a conspicuous visible and audible alarm signal and/or
continuous direct or electronic surveillance) as described in §289.202(s)(1)
- (4) of this title or §289.231(t)(1) - (4) of this title, or
if applicable, §289.229 of this title.
(2) The entrance controls shall be tested for proper
operation at the beginning of each day of equipment use.
(3) The alarm system shall be tested for proper operation
with a source of radiation each day before the installation is used
for radiographic operations. The test shall include a check for the
visible and audible signals.
(4) Entrance control devices that reduce the radiation
level upon entry (designated in paragraph (1) of this subsection)
shall be tested monthly.
(5) If an entrance control device or alarm is operating
improperly, it shall be immediately labeled as defective and repaired
within seven calendar days. The facility may continue to be used during
this seven-day period, provided the licensee or registrant implements
the continuous surveillance requirements of subsection (q) of this
section, ensures that radiographic personnel use an alarming ratemeter,
and complies with the requirements of subsection (u)(8)(G) of this
section.
(6) Records of alarm systems and entrance control tests
and repairs required by this subsection shall be made and maintained
in accordance with subsection (v)(1) of this section.
(o) Notification of incidents.
(1) The agency shall be notified of the loss or theft
of sources of radiation, overexposures, and excessive levels in accordance
with §289.202(ww) - (yy), and (bbb) of this title or §289.231(gg)
- (jj) of this title, as applicable.
(2) In addition, whenever one of the following events
occurs, each licensee or registrant shall make the initial notification
report by telephone to the agency within 24 hours and submit a written
report to the agency within 30 days:
(A) a source assembly cannot be returned to the fully-shielded
position and properly secured;
(B) the source assembly becomes unintentionally disconnected
from the control cable;
Cont'd... |
