| (91) Quarter (calendar quarter)--A period of time equal
to one-fourth of the year observed by the licensee, approximately
13 consecutive weeks, providing that the beginning of the first quarter
in a year coincides with the starting date of the year and that no
day is omitted or duplicated in consecutive quarters.
(92) Rad--The special unit of absorbed dose. One rad
is equal to an absorbed dose of 100 ergs per gram (erg/g) or 0.01
J/kg (0.01 Gy).
(93) Radiation--One or more of the following:
(A) gamma and x rays; alpha and beta particles and
other atomic or nuclear particles or rays;
(B) emission of radiation from any electronic device
to such energy density levels as to reasonably cause bodily harm;
or
(C) sonic, ultrasonic, or infrasonic waves from any
electronic device or resulting from the operation of an electronic
circuit in an electronic device in the energy range to reasonably
cause detectable bodily harm.
(94) Radiation area--Any area, accessible to individuals,
in which radiation levels could result in an individual receiving
a dose equivalent in excess of 0.005 rem (0.05 mSv) in one hour at
30 cm from the source of radiation or from any surface that the radiation
penetrates.
(95) Radiation machine--Any device capable of producing
ionizing radiation except those devices with radioactive material
as the only source of radiation.
(96) Radiation safety officer (RSO)--An individual
who has a knowledge of and the authority and responsibility to apply
appropriate radiation protection rules, standards, and practices,
who must be specifically authorized on a radioactive material license,
and who is the primary contact with the agency. Specific training
and responsibilities for an RSO are listed in §289.252 of this
title, §289.253 of this title (relating to Radiation Safety Requirements
for Well Logging Service Operations and Tracer Studies), §289.255
of this title (relating to Radiation Safety Requirements and Licensing
and Registration Procedures for Industrial Radiography), and §289.256
of this title (relating to Medical and Veterinary Use of Radioactive
Material).
(97) Radioactive material--Any material (solid, liquid,
or gas) that emits radiation spontaneously.
(98) Radioactive waste--For purposes of this chapter,
this term is equivalent to LLRW.
(99) Radioactivity--The disintegration of unstable
atomic nuclei with the emission of radiation.
(100) Radiobioassay (See definition for bioassay.)
(101) Registrant--Any person issued a certificate of
registration by the agency in accordance with the Act and this chapter.
(102) Regulation (See definition for rule.)
(103) Regulations of the United States Department of
Transportation (DOT)--The requirements in Title 49, CFR, Parts 100
- 189.
(104) Rem--The special unit of any of the quantities
expressed as dose equivalent. The dose equivalent in rem is equal
to the absorbed dose in rad multiplied by the quality factor (1 rem
= 0.01 sievert (Sv)).
(105) Research and development--Research and development
is defined as:
(A) theoretical analysis, exploration, or experimentation;
or
(B) the extension of investigative findings and theories
of a scientific or technical nature into practical application for
experimental and demonstration purposes, including the experimental
production and testing of models, devices, equipment, materials, and
processes.
(106) Residential location--Any area where a structure
or structures are located in which people lodge or live, and the grounds
on which these structures are located including, but not limited to,
houses, apartments, condominiums, and garages.
(107) Residual radioactivity--The radioactivity in
structures, materials, soils, groundwater, and other media at a site
resulting from activities under the licensee's control. This includes
radioactivity from all licensed and unlicensed sources used by the
licensee, but excludes background radiation. It also includes radioactive
materials remaining at the site as a result of routine or accidental
releases of radioactive material at the site and previous burials
at the site, even if those burials were made in accordance with the
provisions of Title 10, CFR, Part 20.
(108) Restricted area--An area, access to which is
limited by the licensee for the purpose of protecting individuals
against undue risks from exposure to sources of radiation. Restricted
area does not include areas used as residential quarters, but separate
rooms in a residential building may be set apart as a restricted area.
(109) Reviewing official--The individual who shall
make the trustworthiness and reliability determination of an individual
to determine whether the individual may have, or continue to have,
unescorted access to the category 1 or category 2 quantities of radioactive
materials that are possessed by the licensee.
(110) Roentgen (R)--The special unit of exposure. One
roentgen (R) equals 2.58 x 10-4 C/kg
of air. (See definition for exposure.)
(111) Rule (as defined in the Government Code, Chapters
2001 and 2002, as amended)--Any agency statement of general applicability
that implements, interprets, or prescribes law or policy, or describes
the procedure or practice requirements of an agency. The term includes
the amendment or repeal of a prior section but does not include statements
concerning only the internal management or organization of any agency
and not affecting private rights or procedures. The word "rule" was
formerly referred to as "regulation."
(112) Sabotage--The deliberate damage, with malevolent
intent, to a category 1 or category 2 quantity of radioactive material,
a device that contains a category 1 or category 2 quantity of radioactive
material, or the components of the security system.
(113) Safe haven--A readily recognizable and readily
accessible site at which security is present or from which, in the
event of an emergency, the transport crew can notify and wait for
the local law enforcement authorities.
(114) Sealed source--Radioactive material that is permanently
bonded or fixed in a capsule or matrix designed to prevent release
and dispersal of the radioactive material.
(115) Security zone--Any temporary or permanent area
determined and established by the licensee for the physical protection
of category 1 or category 2 quantities of radioactive material.
(116) Shallow dose equivalent (Hs )
(that applies to the external exposure of the skin of the whole body
or the skin of an extremity)--The dose equivalent at a tissue depth
of 0.007 cm (7 mg/cm2 ).
(117) SI--The abbreviation for the International System
of Units.
(118) Sievert--The SI unit of any of the quantities
expressed as dose equivalent. The dose equivalent in sievert is equal
to the absorbed dose in gray multiplied by the quality factor (1 Sv
= 100 rem).
(119) Site boundary--That line beyond which the land
or property is not owned, leased, or otherwise controlled by the licensee.
(120) Source material--Source material is defined as:
(A) uranium or thorium, or any combination thereof,
in any physical or chemical form; or
(B) ores that contain by weight 0.05% or more of uranium,
thorium, or any combination thereof; and
(C) does not include special nuclear material.
(121) Source of radiation--Any radioactive material,
or any device or equipment emitting or capable of producing radiation.
(122) Special form radioactive material--Radioactive
material that satisfies the following conditions.
(A) It is either a single solid piece or is contained
in a sealed capsule that can be opened only by destroying the capsule;
(B) The piece or capsule has at least one dimension
not less than 5 millimeters (mm) (0.2 inch); and
(C) It satisfies the requirements specified by NRC.
A special form encapsulation designed in accordance with NRC requirements
in effect on June 30, 1983, and constructed prior to July 1, 1985,
may continue to be used. A special form encapsulation designed in
accordance with NRC requirements in effect on March 31, 1996, and
constructed prior to April 1, 1998, may continue to be used. A special
form encapsulation either designed or constructed after April 1, 1998,
must meet the requirements of this definition applicable at the time
of its design or construction.
(123) Special nuclear material--Special nuclear material
is defined as:
(A) plutonium (Pu), uranium-233 (U-233), uranium enriched
in the isotope 233 or in the isotope 235, and any other material that
NRC, in accordance with the provisions of the Atomic Energy Act of
1954, §51 as amended, determines to be special nuclear material,
but does not include source material; or
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