| (B) obtain reports of the individual's dose equivalent
from prior employer(s) for work involving radiation exposure, or the
individual's current employer, if the individual is not employed by
the licensee, by telephone, facsimile, letter, or other electronic
media transmission. The licensee shall request a written verification
of the dose data if the authenticity of the transmitted report cannot
be established.
(6) Subject to subsection (f)(2) of this section, the
licensee shall not authorize a planned special exposure that would
cause an individual to receive a dose from all planned special exposures
and all doses in excess of the limits to exceed:
(A) the numerical values of any of the dose limits
in subsection (f)(1) of this section in any year; and
(B) five times the annual dose limits in subsection
(f)(1) of this section during the individual's lifetime.
(7) The licensee maintains records of the conduct of
a planned special exposure in accordance with subsection (qq) of this
section and submits a written report to the agency in accordance with
subsection (zz) of this section.
(8) The licensee records the best estimate of the dose
resulting from the planned special exposure in the individual's record
and informs the individual, in writing, of the dose within 30 days
from the date of the planned special exposure. The dose from planned
special exposures shall not be considered in controlling future occupational
dose of the individual in accordance with subsection (f)(1) of this
section but shall be included in evaluations required by paragraphs
(4) and (6) of this subsection.
(9) The licensee shall record the exposure history,
as required by paragraph (4) of this subsection, on RC Form 202-2,
or other clear and legible record, of all the information required
on that form. The form or record shall show each period in which the
individual received occupational exposure to radiation or radioactive
material and shall be signed by the individual who received the exposure.
For each period for which the licensee obtains reports, the licensee
shall use the dose shown in the report in preparing RC Form 202-2
or equivalent.
(l) Occupational dose limits for minors. The annual
occupational dose limits for minors are 10% of the annual occupational
dose limits specified for adult workers in subsection (f) of this
section.
(m) Dose equivalent to an embryo/fetus.
(1) If a woman declares her pregnancy, the licensee
shall ensure that the dose equivalent to an embryo/fetus during the
entire pregnancy, due to occupational exposure of a declared pregnant
woman, does not exceed 0.5 rem (5 mSv). If a woman chooses not to
declare pregnancy, the occupational dose limits specified in subsection
(f)(1) of this section are applicable to the woman. See subsection
(rr) of this section for recordkeeping requirements.
(2) The licensee shall make efforts to avoid substantial
variation above a uniform monthly exposure rate to a declared pregnant
woman so as to satisfy the limit in paragraph (1) of this subsection.
The National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)
recommended in NCRP Report No. 91 "Recommendations on Limits for Exposure
to Ionizing Radiation" (June 1, 1987), that no more than 0.05 rem
(0.5 mSv) to the embryo/fetus be received in any one month.
(3) The dose equivalent to an embryo/fetus shall be
taken as:
(A) the dose equivalent to the embryo/fetus from radionuclides
in the embryo/fetus and radionuclides in the declared pregnant woman;
and
(B) the dose equivalent that is most representative
of the dose equivalent to the embryo/fetus from external radiation,
that is, in the mother's lower torso region.
(i) If multiple measurements have not been made, assignment
of the highest deep dose equivalent for the declared pregnant woman
shall be the dose equivalent to the embryo/fetus.
(ii) If multiple measurements have been made, assignment
of the deep dose equivalent for the declared pregnant woman from the
individual monitoring device that is most representative of the dose
equivalent to the embryo/fetus shall be the dose equivalent to the
embryo/fetus. Assignment of the highest deep dose equivalent for the
declared pregnant woman to the embryo/fetus is not required unless
that dose equivalent is also the most representative deep dose equivalent
for the region of the embryo/fetus.
(4) If by the time the woman declares pregnancy to
the licensee, the dose equivalent to the embryo/fetus has exceeded
0.45 rem (4.5 mSv), the licensee shall be deemed to be in compliance
with paragraph (1) of this subsection, if the additional dose equivalent
to the embryo/fetus does not exceed 0.05 rem (0.5 mSv) during the
remainder of the pregnancy.
(n) Dose limits for individual members of the public.
(1) Each licensee shall conduct operations so that:
(A) The total effective dose equivalent to individual
members of the public from the licensed and/or registered operation
does not exceed 0.1 rem (1 mSv) in a year, exclusive of the dose contribution
from background radiation, from any medical administration the individual
has received, from exposure to individuals administered radioactive
material and released in accordance with §289.256 of this title
(relating to Medical and Veterinary Use of Radioactive Material),
from voluntary participation in medical research programs, and from
the licensee's disposal of radioactive material into sanitary sewerage
in accordance with subsection (gg) of this section; and
(B) the dose in any unrestricted area from licensed
and/or registered external sources, exclusive of the dose contributions
from patients administered radioactive material and released in accordance
with §289.256 of this title, does not exceed 0.002 rem (0.02
mSv) in any one hour.
(2) If the licensee permits members of the public to
have access to restricted areas, the limits for members of the public
continue to apply to those individuals.
(3) A licensee or an applicant for a license may apply
for prior agency authorization to operate up to an annual dose limit
for an individual member of the public of 0.5 rem (5 mSv). This application
shall include the following information:
(A) demonstration of the need for and the expected
duration of operations in excess of the limit in paragraph (1) of
this subsection;
(B) the licensee's program to assess and control dose
within the 0.5 rem (5 mSv) annual limit; and
(C) the procedures to be followed to maintain the dose
ALARA.
(4) In addition to the requirements of this section,
a licensee subject to the provisions of the United States Environmental
Protection Agency's (EPA) generally applicable environmental radiation
standards in 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), §190 shall
comply with those requirements.
(5) The agency may impose additional restrictions on
radiation levels in unrestricted areas and on the total quantity of
radionuclides that a licensee may release in effluents in order to
restrict the collective dose.
(6) Notwithstanding paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection,
a licensee may permit visitors to an individual who cannot be released,
in accordance with §289.256 of this title, to receive a radiation
dose greater than 0.1 rem (1 mSv) if:
(A) the radiation dose received does not exceed 0.5
rem (5 mSv); and
(B) the authorized user, as defined in §289.256
of this title, has determined before the visit that it is appropriate.
(o) Compliance with dose limits for individual members
of the public.
(1) The licensee shall make or cause to be made surveys
of radiation levels in unrestricted areas and radioactive materials
in effluents released to unrestricted areas to demonstrate compliance
with the dose limits for individual members of the public as required
in subsection (n) of this section.
(2) A licensee shall show compliance with the annual
dose limit in subsection (n) of this section by:
(A) demonstrating by measurement or calculation that
the total effective dose equivalent to the individual likely to receive
the highest dose from the licensed or registered operation does not
exceed the annual dose limit; or
(B) demonstrating that:
(i) the annual average concentrations of radioactive
material released in gaseous and liquid effluents at the boundary
of the unrestricted area do not exceed the values specified in Table
II of subsection (ggg)(2) of this section; and
(ii) if an individual were continuously present in
an unrestricted area, the dose from external sources of radiation
would not exceed 0.002 rem (0.02 mSv) in an hour and 0.05 rem (0.5
mSv) in a year.
Cont'd... |
