(40) Derived air concentration (DAC)--The concentration
of a given radionuclide in air which, if breathed by the "reference
man" for a working year of 2,000 hours under conditions of light
work (inhalation rate of 1.2 cubic meters of air/hour), results in
an intake of one ALI. DAC values are given in Table I, Column 3, of §336.359(d)
of this title (relating to Appendix B. Annual Limits on Intake (ALI)
and Derived Air Concentrations (DAC) of Radionuclides for Occupational
Exposure; Effluent Concentrations; Concentrations for Release to Sanitary
Sewerage).
(41) Derived air concentration-hour (DAC-hour)--The
product of the concentration of radioactive material in air (expressed
as a fraction or multiple of the derived air concentration for each
radionuclide) and the time of exposure to that radionuclide, in hours.
A licensee shall take 2,000 DAC-hours to represent one, equivalent
to a committed effective dose equivalent of 5 rems (0.05 sievert).
(42) Discrete source--A radionuclide that has been
processed so that its concentration within a material has been purposely
increased for use for commercial, medical, or research activities.
(43) Disposal--With regard to low-level radioactive
waste, the isolation or removal of low-level radioactive waste from
mankind and mankind's environment without intent to retrieve that
low-level radioactive waste later.
(44) Disposable respirator--A respirator for which
maintenance is not intended and that is designed to be discarded after
excessive breathing resistance, sorbent exhaustion, physical damage,
or end-of-service-life renders it unsuitable for use. Examples of
this type of respirator are a disposable half-mask respirator or a
disposable escape-only Self-Contained breathing apparatus.
(45) Distinguishable from background--The detectable
concentration of a radionuclide is statistically different from the
background concentration of that radionuclide in the vicinity of the
site or, in the case of structures, in similar materials using adequate
measurement technology, survey, and statistical techniques.
(46) Diversion--The unauthorized movement of radioactive
material subject to §336.357 of this title (relating to Physical
Protection of Category 1 and Category 2 Quantities of Radioactive
Material) to a location different from the material's authorized destination
inside or outside of the site at which the material is used or stored.
(47) Dose--A generic term that means absorbed dose,
dose equivalent, effective dose equivalent, committed dose equivalent,
committed effective dose equivalent, total organ dose equivalent,
or total effective dose equivalent. For purposes of the rules in this
chapter, "radiation dose" is an equivalent term.
(48) Dose equivalent (HT )--The
product of the absorbed dose in tissue, quality factor, and all other
necessary modifying factors at the location of interest. The units
of dose equivalent are the rem and sievert (Sv ).
(49) Dose limits--The permissible upper bounds of radiation
doses established in accordance with the rules in this chapter. For
purposes of the rules in this chapter, "limits" is an equivalent
term.
(50) Dosimetry processor--An individual or organization
that processes and evaluates individual monitoring devices in order
to determine the radiation dose delivered to the monitoring devices.
(51) Effective dose equivalent (HE )--The
sum of the products of the dose equivalent to each organ or tissue
(HT ) and the weighting factor (wT ) applicable to each of the body organs or
tissues that are irradiated.
(52) Embryo/fetus--The developing human organism from
conception until the time of birth.
(53) Entrance or access point--Any opening through
which an individual or extremity of an individual could gain access
to radiation areas or to licensed radioactive materials. This includes
portals of sufficient size to permit human access, irrespective of
their intended use.
(54) Environmental Radiation and Perpetual Care Account--An
account in the general revenue fund established for the purposes specified
in the Texas Health and Safety Code, §401.306.
(55) Escorted access--Accompaniment while in a security
zone by an approved individual who maintains continuous direct visual
surveillance at all times over an individual who is not approved for
unescorted access.
(56) Exposure--Being exposed to ionizing radiation
or to radioactive material.
(57) Exposure rate--The exposure per unit of time.
(58) External dose--That portion of the dose equivalent
received from any source of radiation outside the body.
(59) Extremity--Hand, elbow, arm below the elbow, foot,
knee, and leg below the knee. The arm above the elbow and the leg
above the knee are considered part of the whole body.
(60) Federal facility waste--Low-level radioactive
waste that is the responsibility of the federal government under the
Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Act, as amended by the Low-Level
Radioactive Waste Policy Amendments Act of 1985 (42 United States
Code, §2021b - 2021j). Excluded from this definition is low-level
radioactive waste that is classified as greater than Class C in §336.362
of this title (relating to Appendix E. Classification and Characteristics
of Low-Level Radioactive Waste).
(61) Federal facility waste disposal facility--A low-level
radioactive waste land disposal facility for the disposal of federal
facility waste licensed under Subchapters H and J of this chapter
(relating to Licensing Requirements for Near-Surface Land Disposal
of Low-Level Radioactive Waste, and Federal Facility Waste Disposal
Facility).
(62) Filtering facepiece (dust mask)--A negative pressure
particulate respirator with a filter as an integral part of the facepiece
or with the entire facepiece composed of the filtering medium, not
equipped with elastomeric sealing surfaces and adjustable straps.
(63) Fingerprint Orders--Orders issued by the Nuclear
Regulatory Commission or the legally binding requirements issued by
Agreement States that require fingerprints and criminal history records
checks for individuals with unescorted access to category 1 and category
2 quantities of radioactive material or safeguards information-modified
handling.
(64) Fit factor--A quantitative estimate of the fit
of a particular respirator to a specific individual, and typically
estimates the ratio of the concentration of a substance in ambient
air to its concentration inside the respirator when worn.
(65) Fit test--The use of a protocol to qualitatively
or quantitatively evaluate the fit of a respirator on an individual.
(66) General license--An authorization granted by an
agency under its rules which is effective without the filing of an
application with that agency or the issuance of a licensing document
to the particular person.
(67) Generally applicable environmental radiation standards--Standards
issued by the EPA under the authority of the Atomic Energy Act of
1954, as amended through October 4, 1996, that impose limits on radiation
exposures or levels, or concentrations or quantities of radioactive
material, in the general environment outside the boundaries of locations
under the control of persons possessing or using radioactive material.
(68) Gray (Gy)--See §336.3 of this title (relating
to Units of Radiation Exposure and Dose).
(69) Hazardous waste--Hazardous waste as defined in §335.1
of this title (relating to Definitions).
(70) Helmet--A rigid respiratory inlet covering that
also provides head protection against impact and penetration.
(71) High radiation area--An area, accessible to individuals,
in which radiation levels from radiation sources external to the body
could result in an individual receiving a dose equivalent in excess
of 0.1 rem (1 millisievert) in one hour at 30 centimeters from the
radiation source or 30 centimeters from any surface that the radiation
penetrates.
(72) Hood--A respiratory inlet covering that completely
covers the head and neck and may also cover portions of the shoulders
and torso.
(73) Host state--A party state in which a compact facility
is located or is being developed. The state of Texas is the host state
under the Texas Low-Level Radioactive Waste Disposal Compact, §2.01,
established under Texas Health and Safety Code, §403.006.
(74) Individual--Any human being.
(75) Individual monitoring--The assessment of:
(A) dose equivalent by the use of individual monitoring
devices;
(B) committed effective dose equivalent by bioassay
or by determination of the time-weighted air concentrations to which
an individual has been exposed, that is, derived air concentration-hour;
or
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