| (122) Radiation--Alpha particles, beta particles, gamma
rays, x-rays, neutrons, high-speed electrons, high-speed protons,
and other particles capable of producing ions. For purposes of the
rules in this chapter, "ionizing radiation" is an equivalent
term. Radiation, as used in this chapter, does not include non-ionizing
radiation, such as radio- or microwaves or visible, infrared, or ultraviolet
light.
(123) Radiation area--Any area, accessible to individuals,
in which radiation levels could result in an individual receiving
a dose equivalent in excess of 0.005 rem (0.05 millisievert) in one
hour at 30 centimeters from the source of radiation or from any surface
that the radiation penetrates.
(124) Radiation machine--Any device capable of producing
ionizing radiation except those devices with radioactive material
as the only source of radiation.
(125) Radioactive material--A naturally-occurring or
artificially-produced solid, liquid, or gas that emits radiation spontaneously.
(126) Radioactive substance--Includes byproduct material,
radioactive material, low-level radioactive waste, source material,
special nuclear material, source of radiation, and naturally occurring
radioactive material (NORM) NORM waste, excluding oil and gas NORM
waste.
(127) Radioactivity--The disintegration of unstable
atomic nuclei with the emission of radiation.
(128) Radiobioassay--See "Bioassay."
(129) Reference man--A hypothetical aggregation of
human physical and physiological characteristics determined by international
consensus. These characteristics shall be used by researchers and
public health workers to standardize results of experiments and to
relate biological insult to a common base. A description of "reference
man" is contained in the International Commission on Radiological
Protection (ICRP) report, ICRP Publication 23, "Report of the
Task Group on Reference Man."
(130) Rem--See §336.3 of this title (relating
to Units of Radiation Exposure and Dose).
(131) Residual radioactivity--Radioactivity in structures,
materials, soils, groundwater, and other media at a site resulting
from activities under the licensee's control. This includes radioactivity
from all licensed and unlicensed sources used by the licensee, but
excludes background radiation. It also includes radioactive materials
remaining at the site as a result of routine or accidental releases
of radioactive material at the site and previous burials at the site,
even if those burials were made in accordance with the provisions
of 10 Code of Federal Regulations Part 20.
(132) Respiratory protection equipment--An apparatus,
such as a respirator, used to reduce an individual's intake of airborne
radioactive materials. For purposes of the rules in this chapter, "respiratory
protective device" is an equivalent term.
(133) Restricted area--An area, access to which is
limited by the licensee for the purpose of protecting individuals
against undue risks from exposure to radiation and radioactive materials.
Restricted area does not include areas used as residential quarters,
but separate rooms in a residential building shall be set apart as
a restricted area.
(134) Reviewing official--The individual who shall
make the trustworthiness and reliability determination of an individual
to determine whether the individual may have, or continue to have,
unescorted access to the category 1 or category 2 quantities of radioactive
materials that are possessed by the licensee.
(135) Roentgen (R)--See §336.3 of this title (relating
to Units of Radiation Exposure and Dose).
(136) Sabotage--Deliberate damage, with malevolent
intent, to a category 1 or category 2 quantity of radioactive material,
a device that contains a category 1 or category 2 quantity of radioactive
material, or the components of the security system.
(137) Safe haven--A readily recognizable and readily
accessible site at which security is present or from which, in the
event of an emergency, the transport crew can notify and wait for
the local law enforcement authorities.
(138) Sanitary sewerage--A system of public sewers
for carrying off waste water and refuse, but excluding sewage treatment
facilities, septic tanks, and leach fields owned or operated by the
licensee.
(139) Sealed source--Radioactive material that is permanently
bonded or fixed in a capsule or matrix designed to prevent release
and dispersal of the radioactive material under the most severe conditions
that are likely to be encountered in normal use and handling.
(140) Security zone--Any temporary or permanent area
established by the licensee for the physical protection of category
1 or category 2 quantities of radioactive material.
(141) Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA)--An
atmosphere-supplying respirator for which the breathing air source
is designed to be carried by the user.
(142) Shallow-dose equivalent (Hs )
(which applies to the external exposure of the skin of the whole body
or the skin of an extremity)--The dose equivalent at a tissue depth
of 0.007 centimeter (seven milligrams/square centimeter).
(143) SI--The abbreviation for the International System
of Units.
(144) Sievert (Sv )--See §336.3
of this title (relating to Units of Radiation Exposure and Dose).
(145) Site boundary--That line beyond which the land
or property is not owned, leased, or otherwise controlled by the licensee.
(146) Source material--
(A) uranium or thorium, or any combination thereof,
in any physical or chemical form; or
(B) ores that contain, by weight, 0.05% or more of
uranium, thorium, or any combination thereof. Source material does
not include special nuclear material.
(147) Special form radioactive material--Radioactive
material which is either a single solid piece or is contained in a
sealed capsule that can be opened only by destroying the capsule and
which has at least one dimension not less than five millimeters and
which satisfies the test requirements of 10 Code of Federal Regulations §71.75
as amended through September 28, 1995 (60 FR 50264) (Transportation
of License Material).
(148) Special nuclear material--
(A) plutonium, uranium-233, uranium enriched in the
isotope 233 or in the isotope 235, and any other material that the
National Regulatory Commission, under the provisions of the Atomic
Energy Act of 1954, §51, as amended through November 2, 1994
(Public Law 103-437), determines to be special nuclear material, but
does not include source material; or
(B) any material artificially enriched by any of the
foregoing, but does not include source material.
(149) Special nuclear material in quantities not sufficient
to form a critical mass--Uranium enriched in the isotope 235 in quantities
not exceeding 350 grams of contained uranium-235; uranium-233 in quantities
not exceeding 200 grams; plutonium in quantities not exceeding 200
grams; or any combination of these in accordance with the following
formula: For each kind of special nuclear material, determine the
ratio between the quantity of that special nuclear material and the
quantity specified in this paragraph for the same kind of special
nuclear material. The sum of such ratios for all of the kinds of special
nuclear material in combination shall not exceed 1. For example, the
following quantities in combination would not exceed the limitation:
(175 grams contained U-235/350 grams) + (50 grams U-233/200 grams)
+ (50 grams Pu/200 grams) = 1.
(150) Specific license--A licensing document issued
by an agency upon an application filed under its rules. For purposes
of the rules in this chapter, "radioactive material license"
is an equivalent term. Unless stated otherwise, "license"
as used in this chapter means a "specific license."
(151) State--The state of Texas.
(152) Stochastic effect--A health effect that occurs
randomly and for which the probability of the effect occurring, rather
than its severity, is assumed to be a linear function of dose without
threshold. Hereditary effects and cancer incidence are examples of
stochastic effects. For purposes of the rules in this chapter, "probabilistic
effect" is an equivalent term.
(153) Supplied-air respirator (SAR) or airline respirator--An
atmosphere-supplying respirator for which the source of breathing
air is not designed to be carried by the user.
Cont'd... |
