| (B) analyze data by identifying significant statistical
features, patterns, sources of error, and limitations;
(C) use mathematical calculations to assess quantitative
relationships in data; and
(D) evaluate experimental and engineering designs.
(4) The student develops evidence-based explanations
and communicates findings, conclusions, and proposed solutions. The
student is expected to:
(A) develop explanations and propose solutions supported
by data and models and consistent with scientific ideas, principles,
and theories;
(B) communicate explanations and solutions individually
and collaboratively in a variety of settings and formats; and
(C) engage respectfully in scientific argumentation
using applied scientific explanations and empirical evidence.
(5) The student knows the contributions of scientists
and recognizes the importance of scientific research and innovation
on society. The student is expected to:
(A) analyze, evaluate, and critique scientific explanations
and solutions by using empirical evidence, logical reasoning, and
experimental and observational testing so as to encourage critical
thinking by the student;
(B) relate the impact of past and current research
on scientific thought and society, including research methodology,
cost-benefit analysis, and contributions of diverse scientists and
engineers as related to the content; and
(C) research and explore resources such as museums,
libraries, professional organizations, private companies, online platforms,
and mentors employed in a STEM field.
(6) The student prepares for an entry-level career
in biotechnology. The student is expected to:
(A) research and identify career opportunities in genetics,
bioinformatics, and fields such as molecular, forensic, medical, regulatory,
and agricultural biotechnology;
(B) identify the significance of recent advances in
molecular, forensic, medical, regulatory, and agricultural biotechnology;
(C) discuss current bioethical issues related to the
field of biotechnology;
(D) create a job-specific resume; and
(E) develop a career plan.
(7) The student analyzes academic and professional
journals and technical reports. The student is expected to:
(A) identify the scientific methodology used by a researcher;
(B) examine a prescribed research design and identify
dependent and independent variables;
(C) evaluate a prescribed protocol to determine the
purpose for each of the procedures performed; and
(D) interpret data and evaluate conclusions.
(8) The student explores assay design in the field
of biotechnology. The student is expected to:
(A) define assay requirements and optimizations;
(B) perform statistical analysis on assay design and
experimental data such as linearity, system sustainability, limit
of detection, and R2 values;
(C) determine an unknown protein concentration using
a standard curve and technique such as a Bradford assay; and
(D) evaluate enzyme kinetics using a colorimetric assay.
(9) The student explores applications related to protein
expression in the field of biotechnology. The student is expected
to:
(A) describe the fundamental steps in recombinant deoxyribonucleic
acid (DNA) technology;
(B) produce a recombinant protein such as green fluorescent
protein (GFP);
(C) analyze proteins using techniques such as enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA), spectrophotometry, and sodium dodecyl
sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE); and
(D) isolate a specific protein from a biological sample
using techniques such as chromatography and Western blot analysis.
(10) The student explores applications of recombinant
DNA technology and genetic engineering. The student is expected to:
(A) prepare and maintain tissue cultures commonly used
in genetic modification procedures;
(B) evaluate the effects of changes to growing conditions
such as pH, temperature, and growth media;
(C) evaluate the results of a bacterial transformation
using a restriction enzyme digest and Southern blot analysis;
(D) compare and contrast vectors commonly used in biotechnology
applications, including plasmids, adenoviruses, retroviruses, and
bacteriophages;
(E) explain the steps and components of the polymerase
chain reaction (PCR); and
(F) explain applications of CRISPR/Cas9 technology
in gene editing and diagnostics.
(11) The student prepares solutions and reagents for
the biotechnology laboratory. The student is expected to:
(A) demonstrate aseptic techniques for establishing
and maintaining a sterile work area;
(B) prepare, dispense, and monitor physical properties
of stock reagents, buffers, media, and solutions;
(C) calculate and prepare a dilution series;
(D) determine acceptability and optimum conditions
of reagents for experimentation; and
(E) prepare multi-component solutions of given molarity
or concentration and volume.
(12) The student investigates the role of quality in
the biotechnology industry, The student is expected to:
(A) describe the product pipeline in the biotechnology
industry;
(B) describe the importance of quality assurance and
quality control;
(C) explain the importance of documentation to quality
assurance and quality control;
(D) describe the importance of corrective and preventive
action (CAPA);
(E) describe Quality Management Systems (QMS) components,
including inspection, audit, surveillance, and prevention;
(F) describe Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Good
Clinical Practices (GCP), Good Documentation Practices (GDP), Good
Lab Practices (GLP), and International Organization for Standardization
(ISO);
(G) perform validation testing on laboratory reagents
and equipment;
(H) analyze data and perform calculations and statistical
analysis on results of quality-control samples such as standard deviation
and percent error; and
(I) apply and create industry protocols such as laboratory
method protocols, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and validation
forms.
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