Unless otherwise noted, all terms contained in this section
are defined by their plain meaning. This section contains definitions
for terms that appear throughout this chapter. Additional definitions
may appear in the specific section to which they apply. The following
words and terms, when used in this chapter, have the following meanings,
unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
(1) 100-year flood--A flood that has a 1.0% or greater
chance of recurring in any given year or a flood of a magnitude equaled
or exceeded once in 100 years on the average over a significantly
long period.
(2) Active disposal area--All landfill working faces
and areas covered with daily and alternative daily cover.
(3) Active life--The period of operation beginning
with the initial receipt of solid waste and ending at certification/completion
of closure activities in accordance with §§330.451, 330.453,
330.455, 330.457, and 330.459 of this title (relating to Applicability;
Closure Requirements for Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Units that
Stopped Receiving Waste Prior to October 9, 1991, Type IV Landfills,
and Municipal Solid Waste Sites; Closure Requirements for Municipal
Solid Waste Landfill Units that Received Waste on or after October
9, 1991, but Stopped Receiving Waste Prior to October 9, 1993; Closure
Requirements for Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Units that Receive
Waste on or after October 9, 1993; and Closure Requirements for Municipal
Solid Waste Storage and Processing Units).
(4) Active portion--That part of a facility or unit
that has received or is receiving wastes and that has not been closed
in accordance with §§330.451, 330.453, 330.455, 330.457,
and 330.459 of this title (relating to Applicability; Closure Requirements
for Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Units that Stopped Receiving Waste
Prior to October 9, 1991, Type IV Landfills, and Municipal Solid Waste
Sites; Closure Requirements for Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Units
that Received Waste on or after October 9, 1991, but Stopped Receiving
Waste Prior to October 9, 1993; Closure Requirements for Municipal
Solid Waste Landfill Units that Receive Waste on or after October
9, 1993; and Closure Requirements for Municipal Solid Waste Storage
and Processing Units).
(5) Advanced recycling facility--A manufacturing facility
that receives, stores, and converts post-use polymers and recoverable
feedstocks using advanced recycling technologies and processes including
pyrolysis, gasification, solvolysis, and depolymerization. An advanced
recycling facility is not a solid waste facility, final disposal facility,
waste-to-energy facility, or incinerator.
(6) Airport--A public-use airport open to the public
without prior permission and without restrictions within the physical
capacities of available facilities.
(7) Ancillary equipment--Any device that is used to
distribute, meter, or control the flow of solid waste from its point
of generation to a storage or processing tank(s), between solid waste
storage and processing tanks to a point of disposal on-site, or to
a point of shipment for disposal off-site. Such devices include, but
are not limited to, piping, fittings, flanges, valves, and pumps.
(8) Animal crematory--A facility for the incineration
of animal remains that meets the following criteria:
(A) control of combustion air to maintain adequate
temperature for efficient combustion;
(B) containment of the combustion reaction in an enclosed
device to provide sufficient residence time and mixing for complete
combustion; and
(C) control of the emission of the combustion products.
(9) Aquifer--A geological formation, group of formations,
or portion of a formation capable of yielding significant quantities
of groundwater to wells or springs.
(10) Areas susceptible to mass movements--Areas of
influence (i.e., areas characterized as having an active or substantial
possibility of mass movement) where the movement of earth material
at, beneath, or adjacent to the municipal solid waste landfill unit,
because of natural or man-induced events, results in the downslope
transport of soil and rock material by means of gravitational influence.
Areas of mass movement include, but are not limited to, landslides,
avalanches, debris slides and flows, soil fluctuation, block sliding,
and rock fall.
(11) Asbestos-containing materials--Include the following.
(A) Category I nonfriable asbestos-containing material
means asbestos-containing packings, gaskets, resilient floor covering,
and asphalt roofing products containing more than 1.0% asbestos as
determined using the method specified in Appendix E to Subpart E of
40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 763, §1, Polarized
Light Microscopy.
(B) Category II nonfriable asbestos-containing material
means any material, excluding Category I nonfriable asbestos-containing
material, containing more than 1.0% asbestos as determined using the
methods specified in Appendix E to Subpart E of 40 CFR Part 763, §1,
Polarized Light Microscopy, that, when dry, cannot be crumbled, pulverized,
or reduced to powder by hand pressure.
(C) Friable asbestos-containing material means any
material containing more than 1.0% asbestos that, when dry, can be
crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure.
(D) Nonfriable asbestos-containing material means any
material containing more than 1.0% asbestos that, when dry, cannot
be crumbled, pulverized, or reduced to powder by hand pressure.
(12) ASTM--The American Society for Testing and Materials.
(13) Battery--An electrochemical device that generates
electric current by converting chemical energy. Its essential components
are positive and negative electrodes made of more or less electrically
conductive materials, a separate medium, and an electrolyte. There
are four major types:
(A) primary batteries (dry cells);
(B) storage or secondary batteries;
(C) nuclear and solar cells or energy converters; and
(D) fuel cells.
(14) Battery acid (also known as electrolyte acid)--A
solution of not more than 47% sulfuric acid in water suitable for
use in storage batteries, which is water white, odorless, and practically
free from iron.
(15) Battery retailer--A person or business location
that sells lead-acid batteries to the general public, without restrictions
to limit purchases to institutional or industrial clients only.
(16) Battery wholesaler--A person or business location
that sells lead-acid batteries directly to battery retailers, to government
entities by contract sale, or to large-volume users, either directly
or by contract sale.
(17) Bird hazard--An increase in the likelihood of
bird/aircraft collisions that may cause damage to an aircraft or injury
to its occupants.
(18) Boiler--An enclosed device using controlled flame
combustion and having the following characteristics.
(A) The unit must have physical provisions for recovering
and exporting thermal energy in the form of steam, heated fluids,
or heated gases.
(B) The unit's combustion chamber and primary energy
recovery section(s) must be of integral design. To be of integral
design, the combustion chamber and the primary energy recovery section(s)
(such as waterwalls and superheaters) must be physically formed into
one manufactured or assembled unit. A unit in which the combustion
chamber and the primary energy recovery section(s) are joined only
by ducts or connections carrying flue gas is not integrally designed;
however, secondary energy recovery equipment (such as economizers
or air preheaters) need not be physically formed into the same unit
as the combustion chamber and the primary energy recovery section.
The following units are not precluded from being boilers solely because
they are not of integral design:
(i) process heaters (units that transfer energy directly
to a process stream); and
(ii) fluidized bed combustion units.
(C) While in operation, the unit must maintain a thermal
energy recovery efficiency of at least 60%, calculated in terms of
the recovered energy compared with the thermal value of the fuel.
(D) The unit must export and utilize at least 75% of
the recovered energy, calculated on an annual basis. In this calculation,
no credit shall be given for recovered heat used internally in the
same unit. Examples of internal use are the preheating of fuel or
combustion air, and the driving of induced or forced draft fans or
feedwater pumps.
(19) Brush--Cuttings or trimmings from trees, shrubs,
or lawns and similar materials.
(20) Buffer zone--A zone free of municipal solid waste
processing and disposal activities within and adjacent to the facility
boundary on property owned or controlled by the owner or operator.
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