| (a) General requirements. Students shall be awarded
one credit for successful completion of this course. Prerequisite:
Algebra I. This course is recommended for students in Grades 9-12.
(b) Introduction.
(1) Career and technical education instruction provides
content aligned with challenging academic standards and relevant technical
knowledge and skills for students to further their education and succeed
in current or emerging professions.
(2) The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics
(STEM) Career Cluster focuses on planning, managing, and providing
scientific research and professional and technical services, including
laboratory and testing services, and research and development services.
(3) Computer Science I will foster students' creativity
and innovation by presenting opportunities to design, implement, and
present meaningful programs through a variety of media. Students will
collaborate with one another, their instructor, and various electronic
communities to solve the problems presented throughout the course.
Through data analysis, students will identify task requirements, plan
search strategies, and use computer science concepts to access, analyze,
and evaluate information needed to solve problems. By using computer
science knowledge and skills that support the work of individuals
and groups in solving problems, students will select the technology
appropriate for the task, synthesize knowledge, create solutions,
and evaluate the results. Students will learn digital citizenship
by researching current laws and regulations and by practicing integrity
and respect. Students will gain an understanding of the principles
of computer science through the study of technology operations, systems,
and concepts. The six strands include creativity and innovation; communication
and collaboration; research and information fluency; critical thinking;
problem solving, and decision making; digital citizenship; and technology
operations and concepts.
(4) Students are encouraged to participate in extended
learning experiences such as career and technical student organizations
and other leadership or extracurricular organizations.
(5) Statements that contain the word "including" reference
content that must be mastered, while those containing the phrase "such
as" are intended as possible illustrative examples.
(c) Knowledge and skills.
(1) Creativity and innovation. The student develops
products and generates new understandings by extending existing knowledge.
The student is expected to:
(A) participate with electronic communities as a learner,
initiator, contributor, and teacher/mentor;
(B) extend the learning environment beyond the school
walls with digital products created to increase teaching and learning
in the other subject areas; and
(C) participate in relevant, meaningful activities
in the larger community and society to create electronic projects.
(2) Communication and collaboration. The student communicates
and collaborates with peers to contribute to his or her own learning
and the learning of others. The student is expected to:
(A) create and properly display meaningful output;
(B) create interactive console display interfaces,
with appropriate user prompts, to acquire data from a user;
(C) use Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) to create
interactive interfaces to acquire data from a user and display program
results;
(D) write programs with proper programming style to
enhance the readability and functionality of the code by using meaningful
descriptive identifiers, internal comments, white space, spacing,
indentation, and a standardized program style;
(E) improve numeric display by optimizing data visualization;
(F) display simple vector graphics using lines, circles,
and rectangles;
(G) display simple bitmap images; and
(H) seek and respond to advice from peers and professionals
in evaluating quality and accuracy.
(3) Research and information fluency. The student locates,
analyzes, processes, and organizes data. The student is expected to:
(A) use a variety of resources, including foundation
and enrichment curricula, to gather authentic data as a basis for
individual and group programming projects; and
(B) use various productivity tools to gather authentic
data as a basis for individual and group programming projects.
(4) Critical thinking, problem solving, and decision
making. The student uses appropriate strategies to analyze problems
and design algorithms. The student is expected to:
(A) use program design problem-solving strategies to
create program solutions;
(B) define and specify the purpose and goals of solving
a problem;
(C) identify the subtasks needed to solve a problem;
(D) identify the data types and objects needed to solve
a problem;
(E) identify reusable components from existing code;
(F) design a solution to a problem;
(G) code a solution from a program design;
(H) identify and debug errors;
(I) test program solutions with appropriate valid and
invalid test data for correctness;
(J) debug and solve problems using error messages,
reference materials, language documentation, and effective strategies;
(K) explore common algorithms, including finding greatest
common divisor, finding the biggest number out of three, finding primes,
making change, and finding the average;
(L) analyze and modify existing code to improve the
underlying algorithm;
(M) create program solutions that exhibit robust behavior
by understanding, avoiding, and preventing runtime errors, including
division by zero and type mismatch;
(N) select the most appropriate algorithm for a defined
problem;
(O) demonstrate proficiency in the use of the arithmetic
operators to create mathematical expressions, including addition,
subtraction, multiplication, real division, integer division, and
modulus division;
(P) create program solutions to problems using available
mathematics libraries, including absolute value, round, power, square,
and square root;
(Q) develop program solutions that use assignment;
(R) develop sequential algorithms to solve non-branching
and non-iterative problems;
(S) develop algorithms to decision-making problems
using branching control statements;
(T) develop iterative algorithms and code programs
to solve practical problems;
(U) demonstrate proficiency in the use of the relational
operators;
(V) demonstrate proficiency in the use of the logical
operators; and
(W) generate and use random numbers.
(5) Digital citizenship. The student explores and understands
safety, legal, cultural, and societal issues relating to the use of
technology and information. The student is expected to:
(A) discuss intellectual property, privacy, sharing
of information, copyright laws, and software licensing agreements;
(B) model ethical acquisition and use of digital information;
(C) demonstrate proper digital etiquette, responsible
use of software, and knowledge of acceptable use policies;
(D) investigate measures, including passwords and virus
detection/prevention, to protect computer systems and databases from
unauthorized use and tampering; and
(E) investigate how technology has changed and the
social and ethical ramifications of computer usage.
(6) Technology operations, systems, and concepts. The
student understands technology concepts, systems, and operations as
they apply to computer science. The student is expected to:
(A) compare and contrast types of operating systems,
software applications, and programming languages;
(B) demonstrate knowledge of major hardware components,
including primary and secondary memory, a central processing unit
(CPU), and peripherals;
(C) differentiate among current programming languages,
discuss the use of those languages in other fields of study, and demonstrate
knowledge of specific programming terminology and concepts;
(D) differentiate between a high-level compiled language
and an interpreted language;
(E) understand concepts of object-oriented design;
(F) use local and global scope access variable declarations;
(G) encapsulate data and associated subroutines into
an abstract data type;
(H) create subroutines that do not return values with
and without the use of arguments and parameters;
(I) create subroutines that return typed values with
and without the use of arguments and parameters;
(J) understand and identify the data-binding process
between arguments and parameters;
(K) compare objects using reference values and a comparison
routine;
(L) understand the binary representation of numeric
and nonnumeric data in computer systems;
(M) understand the finite limits of numeric data;
(N) perform numerical conversions between the decimal
and binary number systems and count in the binary number system;
(O) choose, identify, and use the appropriate data
types for integer, real, and Boolean data when writing program solutions;
(P) demonstrate an understanding of the concept of
a variable;
(Q) demonstrate an understanding of and use reference
variables for objects;
(R) demonstrate an understanding of how to represent
and manipulate text data, including concatenation and other string
functions;
(S) demonstrate an understanding of the concept of
scope;
(T) identify and use the structured data type of one-dimensional
arrays to traverse, search, and modify data;
(U) choose, identify, and use the appropriate data
type and structure to properly represent the data in a program problem
solution; and
(V) compare and contrast strongly typed and un-typed
programming languages.
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