The following words and terms, when used in this chapter shall
have the following meanings, unless the context clearly indicates
otherwise. If a word or term used in this chapter is not contained
in the following list, its definition shall be as shown in 40 Code
of Federal Regulations (CFR) §141.2. Other technical terms used
shall have the meanings or definitions listed in the latest edition
of The Water Dictionary: A Comprehensive
Reference of Water Terminology, prepared by the American Water
Works Association.
(1) Accredited laboratory - A laboratory accredited
by the executive director to analyze drinking water samples to determine
compliance with maximum contaminant levels, action levels, and microbial
contaminants in accordance with §290.119 of this title (relating
to Analytical Procedures).
(2) Adverse Weather Conditions - Any significant temperature,
wind velocity, accumulation of precipitation including drought, or
other weather pattern that may trigger the issuance of a national
weather service watch, advisory, or warning.
(3) Affected utility -
(A) A retail public utility (§291.3 of this title
(relating to Definitions of Terms)), exempt utility (§291.103
of this title (relating to Certificates Not Required)), or provider
or conveyor of potable or raw water service that furnishes water service
to more than one customer is an affected utility as defined in TWC §13.1394;
or
(B) A retail public utility (§291.3 of this title
(relating to Definitions of Terms)), exempt utility (§291.103
of this title (relating to Certificates Not Required)), or provider
or conveyor of potable or raw water service that furnishes water service
to more than one customer is an affected utility, as defined in TWC §13.1395,
in a county with a population of:
(i) 3.3 million or more; or
(ii) 550,000 or more adjacent to a county with a population
of 3.3 million or more.
(4) Air gap--The unobstructed vertical distance through
the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet
conveying water to a tank, fixture, receptor, sink, or other assembly
and the flood level rim of the receptacle. The vertical, physical
separation must be at least twice the diameter of the water supply
outlet, but never less than 1.0 inch.
(5) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standards--The
standards of the American National Standards Institute, Inc.
(6) American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
standards--The standards of the ASME.
(7) American Water Works Association (AWWA) standards--The
latest edition of the applicable standards as approved and published
by the AWWA.
(8) Approved laboratory--A laboratory approved by the
executive director to analyze water samples to determine their compliance
with treatment technique requirements and maximum or minimum allowable
constituent levels in accordance with §290.119 of this title
(relating to Analytical Procedures).
(9) ASTM International standards--The standards of
ASTM International (formerly known as the American Society for Testing
and Materials).
(10) Auxiliary power--Either mechanical power or electric
generators which can enable the system to provide water under pressure
to the distribution system in the event of a local power failure.
With the approval of the executive director, dual primary electric
service may be considered as auxiliary power in areas which are not
subject to large scale power outages due to natural disasters.
(11) Bag filter--Pressure-driven separation device
that removes particulate matter larger than 1 micrometer using an
engineered porous filtration media. They are typically constructed
of a non-rigid, fabric filtration media housed in a pressure vessel
in which the direction of flow is from the inside of the bag to the
outside.
(12) Baseline performance--In reference to a membrane
treatment facility, the detailed assessment of observed operational
conditions at the time the membrane facility is placed in service
for the purpose of tracking changes over time and determining when
maintenance or service is required. Examples of parameters where baseline
performance data is collected include: net driving pressure, normalized
permeate flow, salt rejection, and salt passage.
(13) Cartridge filter--Pressure-driven separation device
that removes particulate matter larger than 1 micrometer using an
engineered porous filtration media. They are typically constructed
as rigid or semi-rigid, self-supporting filter elements housed in
pressure vessels in which flow is from the outside of the cartridge
to the inside.
(14) Certified laboratory--A laboratory certified by
the commission to analyze water samples to determine their compliance
with maximum allowable constituent levels. After June 30, 2008, laboratories
must be accredited, not certified, in order to perform sample analyses
previously performed by certified laboratories.
(15) Challenge test--A study conducted to determine
the removal efficiency (log removal value) of a device for a particular
organism, particulate, or surrogate.
(16) Chemical disinfectant--Any oxidant, including
but not limited to chlorine, chlorine dioxide, chloramines, and ozone
added to the water in any part of the treatment or distribution process,
that is intended to kill or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms.
(17) Community water system--A public water system
which has a potential to serve at least 15 residential service connections
on a year-round basis or serves at least 25 residents on a year-round
basis.
(18) Connection--A single family residential unit or
each commercial or industrial establishment to which drinking water
is supplied from the system. As an example, the number of service
connections in an apartment complex would be equal to the number of
individual apartment units. When enough data is not available to accurately
determine the number of connections to be served or being served,
the population served divided by three will be used as the number
of connections for calculating system capacity requirements. Conversely,
if only the number of connections is known, the connection total multiplied
by three will be the number used for population served. For the purposes
of this definition, a dwelling or business which is connected to a
system that delivers water by a constructed conveyance other than
a pipe shall not be considered a connection if:
(A) the water is used exclusively for purposes other
than those defined as human consumption (see human consumption);
(B) the executive director determines that alternative
water to achieve the equivalent level of public health protection
provided by the drinking water standards is provided for residential
or similar human consumption, including, but not limited to, drinking
and cooking; or
(C) the executive director determines that the water
provided for residential or similar human consumption is centrally
treated or is treated at the point of entry by a provider, a pass
through entity, or the user to achieve the equivalent level of protection
provided by the drinking water standards.
(19) Contamination--The presence of any foreign substance
(organic, inorganic, radiological, or biological) in water which tends
to degrade its quality so as to constitute a health hazard or impair
the usefulness of the water.
(20) Cross-connection--A physical connection between
a public water system and either another supply of unknown or questionable
quality, any source which may contain contaminating or polluting substances,
or any source of water treated to a lesser degree in the treatment
process.
(21) Direct integrity test--A physical test applied
to a membrane unit in order to identify and isolate integrity breaches/leaks
that could result in contamination of the filtrate.
(22) Disinfectant--A chemical or a treatment which
is intended to kill or inactivate pathogenic microorganisms in water.
(23) Disinfection--A process which inactivates pathogenic
organisms in the water by chemical oxidants or equivalent agents.
(24) Distribution system--A system of pipes that conveys
potable water from a treatment plant to the consumers. The term includes
pump stations, ground and elevated storage tanks, potable water mains,
and potable water service lines and all associated valves, fittings,
and meters, but excludes potable water customer service lines.
(25) Drinking water--All water distributed by any agency
or individual, public or private, for the purpose of human consumption
or which may be used in the preparation of foods or beverages or for
the cleaning of any utensil or article used in the course of preparation
or consumption of food or beverages for human beings. The term "drinking
water" shall also include all water supplied for human consumption
or used by any institution catering to the public.
Cont'd... |
